Quark rmr

Energy expenditure was measured by IC using the Quark RMR® (Cosmed, Rome, Italy) at both RU and PS-HMC and the Vmax® Encore (CareFusion, Yorba Linda, California) metabolic cart at CWRU. For the purposes of this study, the Quark RMR® (newer IC device) was validated against the criterion standard, Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor (Sensormedics, Yorba Linda, CA), and was found to be of suitable precision for measuring REE.²¹ The Vmax® Encore and the Quark RMR were also tested for reliability, and were found to be comparable devices.^{35 (link)} Additional details of the reliability testing completed have been reported previously.^{34 (link)} The IC measurements were completed in accordance to evidence-based practice guidelines,^{18 (link)} and were instituted and followed at each research institution in order to minimize measurement error.^{35 (link)} The 5-minute steady state protocol followed the methodology published by Olejnik et al (2016).^{34 (link)} To calculate mREE, we used the Weir equation:^{36 (link)} $$\text{mREE}=([(3.94\ast {\text{VO}}_2)+(1.11\ast {\text{VCO}}_2)]\ast 1.44)\left(10\right)$$