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Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)

Manufactured by Sangon
Sourced in China, United States

DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) is a widely used organic solvent with a high boiling point and low toxicity. It is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid that is commonly used as a polar aprotic solvent in various laboratory applications.

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121 protocols using dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso)

1

Evaluating Anticancer Compounds in Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma

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Human thyroid papillary carcinoma cell Papillary cells of human thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cell lines (BCPAP) was purchased from the Shanghai Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Quercetin (CAS No. 117-39-5), luteolin (CAS No. 491-70-3), beta-sitosterol (β-sitosterol) (CAS No. 83-46-5), kaempferol (CAS No. 520-18-3) were purchased from Selleck China company respectively. One thousand six hundred-forty culture medium, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), fetal bovine serum, penicillin streptomycin double antibody, 0.25% trypsin, cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), and DMSO purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. RIPA Lysis Buffer, rabbit derived vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) antibody, tumor protein p53 (TP53) antibody, transcription factor AP-1 (JUN) antibody, prostaglandin endoperoxidase 2 (PTGS2) antibody, interleukin 6 (IL6) antibody, IL-1B antibody, rabbit derived House keeping protein. (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) antibody and goat anti-rabbit IgG were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and ThermoFisher Scientific Co., Ltd. respectively. The instrument includes BioRad full-automatic microplate reader, BioRad chemiluminescence gel imaging system, OLYMPUS IX51 inverted microscope, MCO-15AC SANYO CO2 constant temperature incubator, Eppendorf 5702R low-speed centrifuge.
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2

Berberine Effects on Candida Cultures

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The M. canis strain (CMCC(F)M3h) used in this study was provided by the Institute of Internal Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Nanjing, China) National Center. The M. canis was cultured in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) at 28°C for 96 h. The densities of the suspension were adjusted to primary inoculum of 1.0 × 107 CFU/mL in the normal saline solution with total volume of 100 mL in conical flasks. berberine hydrochloride (BC) (HPLC>98%) was purchased from Yuan Ye Biological technology co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. The BC treated group (three samples) was subject to medicinal stress dose which means 1/2 MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) dose (1 mg/mL berberine in DMSO), while the control group was fed with DMSO (Purity>99%) which was purchased from Sangon Biotech co., Ltd Shanghai, China only. Each group has three repeats. After 6 h incubation (28°C,150 rpm), the seeds were filtered with gauze and frozen after treatment for RNA isolation and further analysis.
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3

MTT Assay for Chicken Hepatocytes

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Chicken hepatocytes were inoculated in 96-well plates (12,000 cells per well) to attach for 24 h at 37°C. After treating the heat and control groups, the cells in each well were treated with 20-μl 3-(4,5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) (5 mg/ml) (Sigma, San Francisco, United States) and incubated for 4 h at 37°C. After incubation, 150-μl dimethyl sulfoxide (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China) was added to each well before shaking for 10 min to dissolve crystals. The absorbance value was analyzed using a Multiscan Spectrum (PerkinElmer, United States) at 490 nm.
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4

Evaluating RBM17 Knockdown on FaDu Cell Growth and Viability

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FaDu cells were infected with RBM17 shRNA lentivirus (shRBM17) or non-silencing shRNA lentivirus, and 2×103 cells were seeded with 100 µl medium/well into 96-well plates. Cell growth and viability was evaluated on days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. For cell growth, FaDu cells at the logarithmic phase after being infected with either the shCtrl or shRBM17 lentivirus and the plates were counted using the Cellomics ArrayScan™ VT1 automated reader (Cellomics, Inc.; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) for each day. In each well, ≥800 cells were analyzed. Each experiment was performed in triplicates. For cell viability, at the given time, 20 µl MTT (5 mg/ml; Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd.) was added into each well and plates were incubated for 4 h at 37°C. The medium in each well was then removed and crystals were dissolved by the addition of 150 µl dimethyl sulfoxide (Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd.) in each well. Following a 10 min incubation at room temperature, the absorbance was measured at 570 nm.
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5

HUVEC Viability in Glucose Concentrations

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The MTT assay was employed to test the viability of HUVECs in different glucose concentrations. Briefly, 5 × 103 HUVECs were seeded in 96-well plates in standard medium for attachment in 4 h and then cultured in 5.5, 10 or 20 mM glucose concentration media for 1, 3 and 5 days. The 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide solution (5 mg/ml) was added to each well and incubated for 4 h at 37°C. Then the formazan was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (Sangon Biotech, China), and the absorbance of each well was measured by an iMark Microplate Reader (Bio-rad, USA) at a wavelength of 570 nm.
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6

In Vitro Radiation Injury Modeling

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The Siemens Medical Linear Accelerator (6MV Oncor; Siemens, Munich, Germany) was used in the current study to mimic radiation injury in vitro. RGC-5 cells were irradiated with 250 cGy/min dose rate X-rays at final doses of 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy. Unexposed cells served as controls. Following radiation, cells were cultured in a humidified incubator for 5 days and morphological alterations were observed daily using a phase-contrast microscope (Eclipse 90i; Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Cell viability was evaluated by an MTT assay according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, 20 μl of 5 mg/ml MTT dye (Sigma-Aldrich) was added to each well and cells were incubated at 37°C for 4 h. Subsequently, the supernatant was removed and purple-colored precipitates of formazan were dissolved by gently shaking for 10 min in 150 μl dimethyl sulfoxide (Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). The microplate was read at 570 nm (Benchmark Microplate Reader; Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). The optical density (A value) of each sample was measured and applied for cell viability calculation.
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7

VSMC Viability Assay with Iso and CGA

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Cell viability was measured by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Iso (0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 µM) and CGA (0, 10, 50, 100, 150 or 200 µM) were added to a 96-well plate containing adhesive VSMCs (5,000 cells/well), with 6 wells for each concentration. Following incubation in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 12 h, the medium in each well was removed and the cells were washed twice with PBS. MTT solution (20 in 100 µl DMEM) was added to each well and the plate was incubated in a 5% CO2 incubator at 37°C for 4 h. The medium was removed and 150 µl dimethyl sulfoxide (Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd.) was added to each well on a micro-oscillator (Kylin-Bell Lab Instruments Co., Ltd., Haimen, China); the plate was shaken for 10 min to dissolve the crystals. The absorbance in each well was read using a Multiskan FC microplate reader (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) at a wavelength of 570 nm.
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8

BHK-21 Cell Culture and DTMUV Infection

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BHK-21 (Baby Hamster Syrian Kidney) cells were grown in dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco, Grand Island, NY), 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 mg/mL streptomycin. The BHK-21 cells were incubated in a CO2 incubator at 37°C before use.
DTMUV AQ-19 strain used in this study was isolated in our lab in 2019 (Genbank accession: MT708901). The virus was propagated in BHK-21 cells, and the viral titers determined by Reed and Muench method as the median tissue culture infective dose (TCID50)/mL.
Lycorine was provided by PureOne Biotechnology in Shanghai, China. Its purity of lycorine was higher than 98%. It can be dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Sangon, Shanghai, China) and stored at −80°C.
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9

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of LND-DOX Formulation

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LND was purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sangon Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Typan Blue Staining Cell Viability Assay Kit, DNA ladder extraction kit, ATP Assay Kit, Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit, BCA protein assay kit, 3,3′-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO) was purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). The RPMI 1640 medium and penicillin-streptomycin were purchased from BBI (Canada). The fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from ExCell Biological Technology (Taicang, China). The 0.22-μm pore-size syringe filters were from GVS Filter Technology (USA).
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10

MTT Assay for Cell Proliferation

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3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to measure cell proliferation. The cells were planted in 96-well-plates at densities of 1,000 cells per well in quintuplicate. Then, the cells were incubated with doxorubicin at a concentration of 8 nM. At assigned monitoring times, we added 20 μL 0.5 mg/mL MTT (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) to each well and incubated the cells with MTT for 4 h. Later, the supernatants were carefully discarded and 100 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide (Sangon Biotech, China) was added to each well. The absorbance value at 490 nm was evaluated by a microplate reader (Thermo Scientific, USA).
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