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7 protocols using hplc purified oligonucleotides

1

Oligonucleotide Preparation and NMM Characterization

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All the HPLC-purified oligonucleotides (Supplementary Table S1) were obtained from Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). N-Methyl mesoporphyrin IX (NMM) was purchased from Frontier Scientific, Inc. (Logan, Utah, USA). Potassium chloride and magnesium chloride were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Oligonucleotides dissolved in Tris-HCl buffer (25 mmol/l, pH 8.0 or 7.0) were quantified using UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy and stored at –20°C. These oligos were heated at 95°C for 3 min and gradually cooled to room temperature before use. NMM stock solutions (5 mmol/l) in DMSO were stored in the dark at –20°C and diluted with ultrapure deionized water. Other chemicals were used as received without further purification. Ultrapure deionized water was used throughout. Most of samples were prepared in Tris–HCl buffer at pH 8.0, but the experiments for triplex formation were implemented at pH 7.0.
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2

Oligonucleotide Synthesis and Bacterial Toxin Detection

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HPLC purified oligonucleotides were obtained from Shanghai Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), and all the sequences are shown in Table S1 (Supplementary Materials). Silver nitrate (99%) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, citric acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, NaBH4, polyvinyl alcohol, polypyrrole, and FeCl3·6H2O were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1), and staphylococcal enterotoxin D (SED) (99%) were purchased from Beijing Bomai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ/cm) was used in all experiments.
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3

Sensitive Chemiluminescence Detection of Oligonucleotides

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HPLC-purified oligonucleotides used in the experiment were synthesized by Sangon Inc (Shanghai, China), and all sequences are listed in Table S1. The Klenow fragment (exo-) DNA polymerase, Nb.BbvCI nicking endonuclease, and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) mix were purchased from New England Biolabs Ltd. (Beijing, China). Hemin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid sodium salt (HEPES) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were from Sangon Inc (Shanghai, China). The CL reagent kits were ordered from Advansta (California, USA). All solutions were prepared and diluted by diethyprocarbonated (DEPC)-treated water. All other reagents were of analytical grade, and Millipore-Q water (≥18 МΩ) was used in all experiments. IFFM-E luminescent analyzer (Remax, China) was used to record kinetic behavior of the CL reaction. Cool ImagerTM (Viagene Biotech Inc, USA) was implemented to capture CL images. DYY-6C electrophoresis analyzer (Liuyi Instrument Company, China) and a Bio-rad ChemDoc XRS (Bio-Rad, USA) were used for gel electrophoresis.
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4

Preparation and Characterization of SERS Substrates

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Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2⋅6H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl), acetone, and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). Exonuclease III was provided by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd. (United States). Tris borate EDTA (TBE) buffer (5×), tris EDTA (TE) buffer (1×), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 10%, w/v) buffer, loading dye buffer solutions (6×), agarose, and saline-sodium citrate (SSC, 20×) buffer solutions were obtained from Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (China). GelRed Neuclic Acid Gel Stain was purchased from Biotium, Inc. (United States). DNA ladder was provided by Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. (China). QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit was purchased from Qiagen Co., Ltd. (Germany). All chemicals in our experiments were of analytical grade and used without further purification. Aqueous solutions were prepared using deionized water (≥18 MΩ, Milli-Q, Millipore). The SERS substrates were provided by Nanova Biomaterials Inc. (United States). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-purified oligonucleotides were provided by Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China).
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5

Oligonucleotide Purification and Characterization

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PAGE or HPLC purified oligonucleotides were purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China) without further purification. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), Hemin, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrogen chloride (HCl), and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Potassium chloride(KCl), sodium chloride (NaCl), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and Triton X-100 were purchased from Aladin Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All other chemical reagents with analytical grade were used directly without further purification.
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6

Sensitive Detection of Viral Nucleic Acids

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HPLC-purified oligonucleotides (Table S1) were synthesized by Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). ThT was purchased from Frontier Scientific, Inc. (Logan, USA). Potassium chloride was purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). The gene segments from Hepatitis B and Ebola viruses and Nova virus (Table S2) were purchased from Jilin Kumei Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Taq PCR Master Mix for A-PCR, reaction buffers and GelRed were obtained from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). dNTP mix and enzymes (T4 DNA ligase and phi29 DNA polymerase) for RCA were obtained from New England Biolabs (Beijing, China). All the oligonucleotides were dissolved in Tris–HCl buffer (25 mM, pH 8.0), quantified using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, stored at −20 °C, and annealed by heating at 95 °C for 3 min and gradually cooling to room temperature before use. ThT stock solutions (5 mM) were prepared in DMSO and stored in the dark at −20 °C. The human serum samples were provided by The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University. Ultrapure water was utilized throughout.
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7

Purification and Characterization of Oligonucleotides

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HPLC-purified oligonucleotides used in this research (as listed in Table S1) were supplied by Sangon Biotech Inc. (Shanghai, China) and fully dissolved in an ice box with 1 × TE buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH 8.0) at a storage concentration of 10 μM.
The 1 × TE buffer, 10 mM deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), 6 × DNA loading buffer, 30% acrylamide/bis solution, and ammonium persulfate (APS) were obtained from Sangon Biotechnology Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China).
N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) and 20 bp DNA Ladder (Dye Plus) used for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was acquired from TaKaRa Biotech (Dalian, China). GoldView was acquired from Solarbio LIFE SCIENCES (Beijing, China). ThT was purchased from BBI LIFE SCIENCES CORPORATION (Shanghai, China) and dissolved in ultrapure water to 100 μM for fluorescent measurements. Nb.BbvCI endonuclease and Klenow fragment (3′-5′ exo-) polymerase (KF polymerase) used in this study were provided by New England Biolabs (Beijing, China). Ultrapure water used for solution preparation was obtained from a Millipore water purification system with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm. Human serum samples for the recovery experiment were obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.
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