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Spss for windows version 21

Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States, Japan, United Kingdom

SPSS for Windows version 21.0 is a statistical software package designed for data analysis. It provides a comprehensive set of tools for data manipulation, visualization, and statistical modeling. The software is used for a wide range of applications, including market research, social sciences, and scientific research.

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727 protocols using spss for windows version 21

1

Serum Vitamin A and Carcass Traits Analysis

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The result values were shown as least square means±standard error of the mean. The data of serum vitamin A were analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test using one-way and two-way analysis of variance (one-way and two-way ANOVA) in SPSS Version 21 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The concentration of serum and genotype were in included in one-way ANOVA test, and the genotype×vitamin A interaction were included in two-way ANOVA test. The data of carcass traits were analyzed through Duncan’s multiple range tests using a one-way ANOVA in SPSS Version 21 for Windows (SPSS Inc., USA). Significance was set at p<0.05, and the trend was set at 0.1.
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2

Nutritional Status Mortality Predictors

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Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows version 21 (IBM Corporation; Armonk, NY). Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and number (percentage) for categorical variables. The normality of distribution was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test. The differences between the groups were analyzed using analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables and the χ2 test for categorical variables, and paired t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare baseline and 12-month values. Cumulative survival graphs for all-cause mortality were generated using the Kaplan–Meier analyses, and log-rank test was used to compare the survival rates between the groups. The prognostic value of the changes in nutritional status for mortality was verified using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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3

Longitudinal Analysis of Bedridden Bone Metabolism

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The effects of long bedridden periods on bone metabolism were studied using both a cross-sectional analysis based on data from 1999, and a longitudinal analysis based on data from 1999 and 2011. In the cross-sectional analysis, the BMD and bone metabolism markers were compared with the bedridden period using linear regression analysis in all study patients. In the longitudinal analysis, changes in the bone metabolism markers from 1999 to 2011 were compared using a paired t-test in patients aged <30 years in 1999. Furthermore, the effects of bone metabolism markers in 1999 on BMD in 2011 were studied using linear regression analysis. A two-sided P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows version 21 (IBM Inc., Armonk, NY, USA).
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4

Student-Teachers' Self-Directed Learning Competency

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A second-order CFA using LISREL 9.10 was performed on each student-teacher's responses concerning their SDL competency. The student teacher's SDL sources used two primary resources in the three models. These were their peers and social media. This data was then interpreted for validity using a second-order CFA for the opinions on the student-teachers SDL competency using the harmonization index criteria partially selected from Refs. [74 (link),75 (link)]. IBM's® SPSS® for Windows Version 21 program was used for the descriptive statistics analysis with the analysis interpretation using mean scores and standard deviation (SD) scores. Mean score evaluation criteria and interpretation used a five-level Likert-type opinion scale in which 5 was strongly agree (4.50–5.00), 4 was agree (3.50–4.49), 3 was unsure (2.50–3.49), 2 was disagree (1.50–2.49), and 1 was strongly disagree (1.00–1.49).
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5

Temporal Changes in Right Heart Catheterization

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Data are presented as case-based. An intention to treat analysis was performed, including all patients referred to RHC, according to the initial vascular approach site. All RHC data during the study period were separated into four quartiles, seven months each. Comparisons of changes over time were done between first and last quartiles. Categorical variables are presented as percentages and compared using the Chi-square. All continuous variables were tested for normal distribution using Shapiro–Wilk test. Normal distributed variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or medians and 25%–75% interquartile range (IQR) for non-normally distributed data. Comparison of continuous variables was done either by independent T-test or Mann–Whitney, as appropriate. For statistical analysis, SPSS for Windows, version 21 (IBM, Chicago, IL) was used. A p value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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6

Comparative Analysis of Hypervirulent Klebsiella Pneumoniae

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Patient and microbiological characteristics were compared between infection and colonization, and hvKp and cKp. The chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used for nominal variables, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for continuous variables. Logistic-regression analysis was performed to predict potential risk factors for infection and hvKp, based on odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The diagnostic accuracy of the microbiological profiles for hvKp, including the sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value, or positive/negative likelihood ratio (LR), were calculated using 2 × 2 tables, and the 95% CIs were calculated using MedCalc for Windows, version 16.2 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Statistical significance was defined as a two-tailed p-value of < 0.05, using the 95% CI. All analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
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7

Unloading Effects on Muscle Characteristics

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All numerical data are presented as mean±standard error of the mean. We used the Student t test to compare the effects of unloading between or within groups. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). A P<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
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8

Coronary Bifurcation Angles and LAD Stenosis

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The distribution of continuous variables was evaluated for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Continuous variables with normal distribution are presented as means ± standard deviation, and were compared between groups using the Student’s t-test. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to evaluate group differences in categorical variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to further analyze the usefulness of the coronary bifurcation angles in predicting significant LAD stenosis. In addition, univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of LAD stenosis and the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corporation, Chicago, IL). A two-tailed P-value <0.05 was considered significant.
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9

Statistical Analysis using SPSS

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Data were analyzed for descriptive statistics using SPSS for Windows, version 21 (IBM, SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).
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10

Factors Contributing to Suicidal Ideation and Attempt

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The sample data were entered and analyzed using SPSS for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corp.: Armonk, NY, USA). The characteristics of the study population and prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt were presented as frequencies. To determine the factors contributing to suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted. The factors that were significant at the 5% level in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. Three models were developed: the first comprised demographic and socio-environmental factors, the second comprised psychological and behavioral factors and the third comprised all of the factors that were significant in models 1 and 2. The analysis in three different models was intended to see the influence of personal (psychological and behavioral), non-personal factors, and integrated influence of all factors. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were presented with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p values. The Hosmer and Lemeshow test was applied to determine the goodness of fit of the models, and all three models had a good fit with the observed values.
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