Blood samples were taken in tubes containing the coagulation activator by a veterinarian,, on the same day as the milk sample collection. The serum was centrifuged and CRP level was analyzed using INTEGRA (Roche, Switzerland) apparatus.
Integra
Manufactured by Roche
Sourced in United Kingdom
INTEGRA is a lab equipment product by Roche. It is a liquid handling system designed for automated pipetting and sample processing in a laboratory setting.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using integra
1
Serum CRP Level Measurement
2
Routine Serum Biomarker Monitoring
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The following parameters were measured routinely in serum during the patients outpatient ward visit: total, LDL and HDL cholesterol as well as triglycerides were measured by enzymatic colorimetric tests on a P800 analyzer (Modular, Roche Diagnostics), C-reactive protein (CRP) by immunoturbidimetry, glucose by an enzymatic UV test (P800 analyzer; Modular; Roche Diagnostics), serum and urine albumin by a nephelometric method (BN II; Siemens), and serum creatinine by the Jaffé method (kinetic colour assay) which was corrected for unspecific protein reactions by a factor of −26.5 μmol/L. HbA1c was measured using an immunoturbidimetric Latex-assay (Integra; Roche Diagnostics) and was standardized according to the DCCT/NGPS.
3
Serum Biomarker Analysis Protocol
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The serum samples were analyzed in the COBAS INTEGRA® equipment (Roche, Model 400 plus, Sant Cugat del Valles, Spain). Glucose test (GOD-POD enzymatic colorimetric method), triglycerides (GPO-PAP enzymatic colorimetric method), total cholesterol (CHOD-PAP enzymatic colorimetric method), HDL-C and LDL-C (direct method), VLDL-C (calculated from Triglycerides/5), total proteins (cupric ion colorimetric method), albumin (BCG colorimetric method), C-reactive protein (agglutination protein method), creatinine (Jaffé’s kinetic method), urea and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (indophenol colorimetric method), ureic acid (uricase and peroxidase colorimetric method) were determined. All reactive equipment was purchased from Roche® (Roche® México, CDMX, Mexico) and procedures were performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4
Bone Density Evaluation in Dialysis Patients
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Whole-body DXA was performed using a Hologic Discovery A(S/N87402) (software version 13.5.2.1; Hologic, Marlborough, MA, USA). BMD was expressed as g/cm2 and measured at the following sites: femoral neck, lumbar spine (L1–L4), arm, head, pelvis and total body. T- and Z-scores were obtained using the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) reference population [22 (link)]. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were defined as a T-score <−1 and −2.5, respectively. BMD was assessed after starting dialysis and then according to the supervising clinician's discretion. Venous blood samples were measured using a standard multichannel biochemical analyzer (Roche Integra, Roche Diagnostics, Lewes, UK). Serum albumin was determined by the bromocresol green method. Intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) was measured using a two-site immunometric assay (Roche Diagnostics, Burgess Hill, Sussex, UK). Laboratory values were collected at the time of the initial DXA scan and then concomitantly with repeat BMD measurements.
5
Hemodialysis Hemodynamic and Biochemical Changes
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BP was measured in a standardized manner both immediately prior to and after the HD session in the non-fistula arm while in the sitting position with cuff size chosen according to patient’s arm size. BP was measured using the automated HD integrated monitors. Devices were regularly calibrated. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was calculated as 1/3 * SBP + 2/3 * diastolic BP (DBP). SBP decrease was expressed in mmHg and defined as: pre-HD SBP–post-HD SBP. The decrease in SBP index was expressed as a percentage and defined as: (pre-HD SBP–post-HD SBP) / pre-HD SBP. DBP and MAP decrease as well as decrease in DBP and MAP index were defined similarly. Pre- and post-HD blood samples were measured using a standard multi-channel biochemical analyser (Roche Integra, Roche diagnostics, Lewes, UK) with an indirect ion-selective electrode technique for Na. Serum albumin was determined by the bromocresol green method. Total serum calcium was measured and ionized calcium calculated using the Mateu-de Antonio equation, derived from patients with kidney failure (0.815 × total calcium0.5)11 (link). Bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed prior to and 20–30 min after the HD session using multifrequency segmental InBody 720 Body Composition Analysis (Biospace, Seoul, South Korea), following a standardized protocol12 (link).
6
Automated Serum Calcium Estimation
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Serum total calcium estimation was done on an automated analyzer, COBAS INTEGRA 400 Plus. Roche Integra auto analyzer (Roche Diagnostics India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India). Calcium ions react with O-cresolphthelein under alkaline conditions to form a violet colored complex. The addition of 8-hydroxylquinoline prevents interference by magnesium and ferric ions. The color intensity of the complex formed was directly proportional to the calcium concentration. It was determined by measuring the increase in absorbance at 552 nm. The value was expressed in mg/dl.
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