Penicillin streptomycin pen strep

Glucose-high Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/F12 (DMEM/F12), glucose-free DMEM and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA); poly-L-lysine and H₂O₂ were from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy); 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazol-carbocyanine iodide (JC-1), Fluo-3, AM and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) were obtained from Molecular Probes, Invitrogen (Milan, Italy), and MTS was from Promega Corp. (Madison, WI, USA); Hank’s solution and trypsin were obtained from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA), and Hoechst 33342, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and penicillin/streptomycin (Pen/Strep) were from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit was purchased from Roche Molecular Biochemicals (Indianapolis, IN, USA).

Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (weighing 250–280 g) were obtained from the Animal Experimental Center of Chongqing Medical University and used for the in vivo study. Primary astrocytes were extracted from the cerebral cortices of newborn SD rats and cultured.
Glucose-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM)/F12, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Trypsin and Hank’s solution were obtained from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA). Penicillin/streptomycin (Pen/Strep) and phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) were obtained from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Poly-L-lysine was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were obtained from Boster (Wuhan, China), and a CCK-8 kit was obtained from Dojindo (Kumamoto, Japan). TPI-1 was purchased from MedChem Express (NJ, USA).

Astrocytes were prepared from postnatal 1-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and neurons were obtained from embryonic day 15–16 Sprague-Dawley rats. All experiments were authorized by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, and procedures were in compliance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering.
Neurobasal medium, high-glucose Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium/F12 (DMEM/F12), glucose-free Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), B27, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Hank’s solution and trypsin were purchased from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA). Poly-L-lysine was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) and penicillin/streptomycin (Pen/Strep) were purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), GSH, and γ-GCL assay kits were obtained from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). A CCK-8 kit was purchased from Dojindo (Kumamoto, Japan).