Brain MRI was performed with a 1.5-T (Signa Excite, GE Healthcare, WI, USA) and two 3-T MRI devices (Signa Excite or Signa HDxt, GE, USA). Unenhanced axial T1-weighted and T2-weighted images were obtained with various settings. T1-weighted spin-echo images were acquired with the following parameters: repetition time (TR), 550–630; echo time (TE), 11–14; flip angle, 60–70°; section thickness, 6 mm; interslice gap, 0.7–2 mm; matrix size, 352×192–1,024×192; field-of-view (FOV), 174×200–220×220; and number of signals acquired, 1–2. T2-weighted spin-echo images were acquired with the following parameters: TR, 3,588–4,400; TE, 99–125; flip angle, 90 or 180°; section thickness, 6 mm; interslice gap, 0.7–2 mm; matrix size, 512×224; and FOV, 180×200. MRI included conventional contrast-enhanced and DWI sequences. DWI-derived apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were measured based on the diffusion imaging sets. Patients were classified into high and low-ADC groups according to the median value, with reference to previous studies [16 (link), 17 (link)].
Signa excite
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom, Germany
The Signa Excite is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system developed by GE Healthcare. It is designed to acquire high-quality images of the human body for diagnostic purposes. The system utilizes powerful superconducting magnets and advanced radio frequency (RF) technology to generate detailed images of internal structures, enabling healthcare professionals to identify and monitor various medical conditions.
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Lab products found in correlation
Signa hdxt, by GE Healthcare (15 mentions)
Discovery mr750, by GE Healthcare (11 mentions)
Discovery 750, by GE Healthcare (8 mentions)
Magnevist, by Bayer (8 mentions)
Signa hdx, by GE Healthcare (7 mentions)
Achieva, by Philips (6 mentions)
Omniscan, by GE Healthcare (6 mentions)
8 channel head coil, by GE Healthcare (5 mentions)
Magnetom avanto, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Gadovist, by Bayer (4 mentions)
Magnetom verio, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Discovery 690xt, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Optima mr450w, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Discovery mr750w, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Ge discovery mr750, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Dotarem, by Guerbet (3 mentions)
Ingenia, by Philips (3 mentions)
Prisma, by Siemens (3 mentions)
Espree, by Siemens (3 mentions)
Genesis signa, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
231 protocols using signa excite
1
Brain MRI Imaging Protocol for ADC Analysis
2
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Brain
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DTIs were acquired using a 1.5 tesla (T) MRI system (Signa Excite, GE, Pewaukee, WI, USA) in two patients, a 3 T MRI system (Signa Excite, GE, Pewaukee, WI, USA) in four, and a 3 T MRI system (Magnetom Verio, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) in five, using a conventional head gradient coil. We used a single-shot spin echo-echo planar imaging sequence. The b-factor was set at 1000 s/mm2 in seven patients and 700 s/mm2 in four. The acquisition parameters used were as follows. The field of view was 240×240 mm in seven patients and 220×220 mm in four. The matrix and gap were 256×256 and 0 mm in all patients. The repetition time (TR) was 10000-12400 ms and the echo time (TE) was 77-86 ms. To describe the intensity and direction of the diffusion anisotropy, the MR images were acquired with 13 noncollinear diffusion gradients (total slice number 35 or 36, slice thickness 3.5 mm) and without in two patients, with 25 noncollinear diffusion gradients (total slice number 38 or 39, slice thickness 3.0 or 3.5 mm) and without in four patients, and with 30 noncollinear diffusion gradients (total slice number 60, slice thickness 1.9 mm) and without in five patients.
3
Comprehensive MRI Characterization of Rabbit Extremities
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A 3.0 Tesla clinical MRI scanner (Signa ExciteTM; GE Medical System, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA) was used to carry out each MRI scan. Body coil and an 8-channel knee coil were used for signal transmission and reception, respectively. The rabbits were fixed in a knee coil with foamed plastics wrapped around the body to make sure both legs could be imaged without repositioning.
T2-weighted (T2w) imaging covering both legs were obtained using a fast spin-echo (FSE) sequence with field of view (FOV) =150×150 mm2, repetition time (TR) =3,000 ms, echo time (TE) =80 ms, acquired matrix =256×256, and slice thickness =6 mm. To assess the lower extremity oxygenation level, a multi-echo gradient and spin echo (MEGSE) sequence were applied in the coronal plane to acquire mixed T2 and T2*-weighted images. A total of 32 echoes with an echo spacing of 3.7 ms were applied in the MEGSE sequence. The spin echo occurred at the seventh echo, as described previously (13 (link)). The detailed imaging parameters of MEGSE were: FOV =150×150 mm2, TR =1,500 ms, TE =56 ms, acquired matrix = 128×128, slice thickness =6 mm. Diffusion-weighted (DW) images were immediately acquired after MEGSE scan with identical geometrical parameters as MEGSE. b values of 0 and 800 s/mm2 were applied for the DW imaging. The total scan time for the three sequences was approximately 10 minutes.
T2-weighted (T2w) imaging covering both legs were obtained using a fast spin-echo (FSE) sequence with field of view (FOV) =150×150 mm2, repetition time (TR) =3,000 ms, echo time (TE) =80 ms, acquired matrix =256×256, and slice thickness =6 mm. To assess the lower extremity oxygenation level, a multi-echo gradient and spin echo (MEGSE) sequence were applied in the coronal plane to acquire mixed T2 and T2*-weighted images. A total of 32 echoes with an echo spacing of 3.7 ms were applied in the MEGSE sequence. The spin echo occurred at the seventh echo, as described previously (13 (link)). The detailed imaging parameters of MEGSE were: FOV =150×150 mm2, TR =1,500 ms, TE =56 ms, acquired matrix = 128×128, slice thickness =6 mm. Diffusion-weighted (DW) images were immediately acquired after MEGSE scan with identical geometrical parameters as MEGSE. b values of 0 and 800 s/mm2 were applied for the DW imaging. The total scan time for the three sequences was approximately 10 minutes.
4
Cardiac MRI Protocol for Ventricular Assessment
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GE Discovery MR 750 3.0T (Signa ExciteTM; GE Medical System, Milwaukee, Wisconsis, USA) or Siemens AURA 1.5T (MAGNETOM Skyra, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system in Peking University First Hospital was used for imaging. Taking the GE MRI as an example, the 8-channel phased array coil is used for ECG-gated breath-hold scanning, and Realtime Loc is used for real-time heart positioning scanning to obtain left ventricular long-axis two-chamber, four-chamber and three-chamber heart (left ventricular outflow). Gated fast equilibrium steady-state precession gradient echo [fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) cine] is used to obtain left ventricular long-axis two-chamber heart, four-chamber heart, left ventricular outflow tract level and 9–15 short-axis left ventricular film images. The scanning parameters are as follows: repetition time (TR) =3.6 ms, echo time (TE) =1.6 ms, flip angle =45°, imaging field of view (FOV) =380 mm × 380 mm, matrix =512×512, layer thickness =8 mm, layer spacing =0.
After acquisition of the movie sequence, the Ga-DTPA contrast agent is injected at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg and a flow rate of 1 mL/s. After completion, 20 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection is added and a delayed enhancement sequence [myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE)] is performed after 15 minutes.
After acquisition of the movie sequence, the Ga-DTPA contrast agent is injected at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg and a flow rate of 1 mL/s. After completion, 20 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection is added and a delayed enhancement sequence [myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE)] is performed after 15 minutes.
5
Diffusion-weighted MRI Imaging Protocol
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MRI data were collected using a 3.0T scanner (Signa Excite, General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, United States) located at the Sheba Medical Center (Tel Hashomer, Israel). Scanning was conducted with an eight-channel head coil for parallel imaging. Head motion was minimized by padding the head with cushions, and patients were asked to stay still during the scan.
A standard dMRI protocol was applied by means of a single-shot, spin-echo, diffusion-weighted, echo-planar imaging sequence (∼60 axial, 2.6 mm thick slices, no gap; FOV = 256 mm × 256 mm, matrix size = 256 × 256, providing a voxel size of 1 mm × 1 mm × 2.6 mm). Diffusion-weighted volumes were acquired along 31 non-collinear directions (b = 1000 s/mm2) and two reference volumes (b = 0 s/mm2). The scan volume was adjusted to cover the entire brain in each patient, so the exact number of slices varied slightly between patients. Total scan time for the dMRI sequence was ∼8 min. High resolution T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired for each patient using a 3D fast spoiled gradient-recalled echo sequence (FSPGR; 155 ± 11 axial slices, slice thickness = 1 mm, covering the entire cerebrum; voxel size: 1 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm).
A standard dMRI protocol was applied by means of a single-shot, spin-echo, diffusion-weighted, echo-planar imaging sequence (∼60 axial, 2.6 mm thick slices, no gap; FOV = 256 mm × 256 mm, matrix size = 256 × 256, providing a voxel size of 1 mm × 1 mm × 2.6 mm). Diffusion-weighted volumes were acquired along 31 non-collinear directions (b = 1000 s/mm2) and two reference volumes (b = 0 s/mm2). The scan volume was adjusted to cover the entire brain in each patient, so the exact number of slices varied slightly between patients. Total scan time for the dMRI sequence was ∼8 min. High resolution T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired for each patient using a 3D fast spoiled gradient-recalled echo sequence (FSPGR; 155 ± 11 axial slices, slice thickness = 1 mm, covering the entire cerebrum; voxel size: 1 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm).
6
MRI Protocol for Rare Diffuse Extracellular Calcifications
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The MR images were obtained at multiple referral hospitals using different scanners because of the rarity of DEC. Eight participants underwent MRI using a 1.5 T scanner; of them, five participants were scanned at external hospitals (using various scanners, namely Achieva [Philips Healthcare, Amsterdam, Netherlands], Syngo [Siemens medical solutions, Erlangen, Germany], Symphony [Siemens medical solutions], and Signa Excite [GE medical systems, Milwaukee, USA]) and three were scanned at our institute (using a VISART scanner [Canon Medical Systems, Tochigi, Japan], Syngo [Siemens medical solutions]). Three patients underwent MRI using a 3 T scanner (Achieva [Philips Healthcare] or Syngo [Siemens medical solutions]). All images were obtained using similar scan protocols with only minor variations between hospitals. Most MR sequences included the acquisition of T1- and T2-weighted images (WIs), diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) with b-values of 800–1000 s/mm2, and contrast-enhanced (CE) T1WIs. In general, gadolinium-based contrast agents were used for CE T1WI.
7
Multi-modal neuroimaging protocol for tau PET analysis
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T1-weighted MRIs, which we used for atlas normalization, masking, and for PVC where applicable, were acquired using 3T General Electric (GE) scanners (models Discovery MR750, Signa HDx, Signa HDxt, and Signa Excite; GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI) and 3T Siemens Prisma (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) scanners each using 3D Sagittal Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient-Recalled Echo (MP-RAGE) sequences.
[18F]AV-1451 tau PET scans were acquired using GE PET/CT scanners (models Discovery 690XT and Discovery MI; GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI). Participants were injected with Flortaucipir (370 MBq (range 333–407 MBq)) and a low-dose CT scan was acquired for attenuation correction. At 80 minutes post-injection, participants underwent a 20-min dynamic PET scan with four five-minute frames. Dynamic PET images were reconstructed on-scanner (256 matrix, 300 mm field of view) using fully 3D (Iatrou et al., 2004 (link)) or Fourier-rebinned (Stearns and Fessler, 2002 (link)) OSEM iterative algorithms with 3 iterations and 35 subsets. A 5 mm Gaussian post-reconstruction filter was applied, along with standard corrections for attenuation, scatter, random coincidences, and decay. Four-frame dynamic PET images were co-registered with a group-wise rigid registration to correct for cross-frame motion, and averaged to produce a single static (summed) PET image.
[18F]AV-1451 tau PET scans were acquired using GE PET/CT scanners (models Discovery 690XT and Discovery MI; GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI). Participants were injected with Flortaucipir (370 MBq (range 333–407 MBq)) and a low-dose CT scan was acquired for attenuation correction. At 80 minutes post-injection, participants underwent a 20-min dynamic PET scan with four five-minute frames. Dynamic PET images were reconstructed on-scanner (256 matrix, 300 mm field of view) using fully 3D (Iatrou et al., 2004 (link)) or Fourier-rebinned (Stearns and Fessler, 2002 (link)) OSEM iterative algorithms with 3 iterations and 35 subsets. A 5 mm Gaussian post-reconstruction filter was applied, along with standard corrections for attenuation, scatter, random coincidences, and decay. Four-frame dynamic PET images were co-registered with a group-wise rigid registration to correct for cross-frame motion, and averaged to produce a single static (summed) PET image.
8
High-resolution MRI brain imaging
9
Functional MRI Acquisition and Stimulus Presentation
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MRI scans were performed on a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner (GE Signa EXCITE, Milwaukee, WI, USA) using an eight-channel head coil. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI was acquired with T2*-weighted imaging: repetition time (TR) = 3,000 ms; echo time (TE) = 35 ms; flip angle (FA) = 90°; field of view (FOV) = 200 mm; matrix size = 96 × 96; 39 axial slices of 3-mm thickness, 0 gap. A high-resolution anatomical T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient echo imaging was acquired: FOV = 256 mm; matrix = 256 × 256; TR = 9.2 ms; TE = 3.5 ms; axial slices of 1-mm thickness, no gap. This anatomical scan was used for surface reconstruction. To minimize head movements, the participants’ heads were stabilized with foam padding. Stimuli were controlled using the PsychoPy software (Peirce, 2007 (link), 2009 (link)) and presented via an liquid-crystal display (LCD) projector to a tilted (45°) mirror positioned over the participants’ foreheads. A MR-compatible response box was used to collect responses.
10
Comprehensive 3T MRI Brain Imaging Protocol
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Magnetic resonance images were acquired with a GE Medical Systems Signa Excite 3-Tesla MRI at the Imaging Research Centre at St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton. Functional images sensitive to the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal were collected with a gradient-echo pulse sequence using standard parameters (TR = 2000 ms, TE = 45 ms, flip angle = 90°, 31 slices, 4 mm slice thickness, no gap, matrix size = 64 × 64, field of view = 24 cm, voxel size = 3.75 × 3.75 × 4 mm), effectively covering the whole brain. All functional scans lasted 5 min 24 s, resulting in the collection of 162 brain volumes per scan. Four dummy scans were run before data acquisition began. High-resolution, T1-weighted structural images were acquired in order to register functional activity onto brain anatomy. The scanning parameters were 3D-FSPGR, IR-prepped, Ti = 450 ms, flip angle = 12 degrees, TR = 7.5 ms, TE = 2.1 ms, field of view = 240 × 180 mm, slice thickness = 2 mm, acquisition matrix 320 × 192, 1 average, receiver bandwidth = 31.25 kHz, data were interpolated to 512 × 512 matrices, and number of slices doubled during reconstruction, resulting in 154 slices.
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