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5 protocols using 5 pregnen 3β ol 20 one 16α carbonitrile

1

Quantification of Transcription Factors

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5-Pregnen-3β-ol-20-one-16α-carbonitrile (#P0543) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Lipopolysaccharide (E. coli, #tlrl-pslta) was purchased from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA). The RNeasy Mini Kit (#74104) was obtained from Qiagen (Valencia, CA). A 96-well PCR plate, Roche PCR Master Mix (Roche Diagnostics), TaqMan® primer and probes for Cyp3a11 (FP: GGATGAGATCGATGAGGCTCTG, RP: CAGGTATTCCATCTCCATCACAGT) and cyclophilin (FP: GGCCGATGACGAGCCC, RP: TGTCTTTGGAACTTTGTCTGCA) were purchased from Sigma-Genosys (Houston, TX). A Mouse WG-6 v2.0 expression BeadChip Kit was obtained from Illumina (San Diego, CA). TaqMan® Gene Expression assays with primers and probes for mouse Elk1 (#Mm00468233_g1), Mef2 (#Mm01340842_m1), Nrf2 (#Mm00477784_m1), Pea3 (#Mm00476696_m1), Stat1 (#Mm01257286_m1), and Mycmax (#Mm00487804_m1) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (#4331182, Waltham, MA). The primers for the epigenetic markers Ezh2, DNMT1, DNMT3a, LSD1 and RunX3 were a kind gift from Dr. Moorthy from the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
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2

In Vitro Xenobiotic Metabolism Protocol

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5-Pregnen-3β-ol-20-one-16α-carbonitrile (PCN), phenobarbital (PB), β-naphthoflavone (βNF), rifampicin (RIF), 1,4-Bis-[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene,3,32,5,52-tetrachloro-1,4-bis(pyridyloxy)benzene (TCPOBOP), ethoxyquin (EQ), corn oil (CO), dl-dithiothreitol (DTT), and iodoacetamide (IAA) were purchased from Sigma (Dorset, UK). 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-p-dioxin (TCDD) was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals (Toronto, Canada). Trypsin Gold was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI).
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3

Humanized PXR Transgenic Mouse Protocol

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Bovine thrombin, rifampicin and 5-Pregnen-3β-ol-20-one-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Collagen was obtained from Nycomed. CRP-XL was from Professor R. Farndale (University of Cambridge). SR12813 was from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Primary polyclonal anti-PXR (sc25381), monoclonal anti-RXRα/β/γ (sc46659), 14-3-3 ζ (sc-293415) and actin (sc-1615) antibodies were from SantaCruz. Monoclonal anti-PXR (ab41930), primary phospho anti-Lyn (Y396) (ab226778), Syk (Y525/526) (ab58575) and LAT (Y200) (ab68139) antibodies were from Abcam. Primary phospho anti-Src (Y418) (#44-660 G) was from ThermoFisher Scientific. Primary phospho anti-PLCγ2 (Y1217) (#3871), VASP (S157 and S239) (#3111 and #3114) and PKC (#2261) were purchased from Cell Signalling Technologies. Anti-phospho-Tyr 4G10 (#05-321) antibody was from Millipore. Fluorophore conjugated secondary antibodies, Fura-2AM and Alexa-488 conjugated phalloidin were from Life Technologies. PE-Cy5 anti-CD62P antibody was from BD Biosciences. FITC-labelled anti-fibrinogen was from Dako. All other reagents were from previously described sources5 (link),6 (link). Humanised PXR transgenic mice [C57BL/6-Nr1i2tm1(NR1I2)Arte] were purchased from Taconic Biosciences (Denmank) and bred under licence at the bioresource unit of the University of Reading.
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4

Characterization of Pyrethroid Standards

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The structure, source and purity of each of the eight pyrethroids and the authentic samples of their metabolites tested in the present study are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 1. 5-Pregnen-3β-ol-20-one-16α-carbonitrile (PCN; >97% pure) and artemisinin (>97% pure) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), and Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. (TCI; Tokyo, Japan), respectively. Bezafibrate (BZF; >99.3% pure) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; >99.5% pure) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan).

Source and purity of pyrethroids and the metabolites used in this study.

Table 1
CompoundSourcePurity (%)
allethrinWako>98.0 (for Pesticide Residue Analysis)
bioresmethrinWako95.0 (for Pesticide Residue Analysis)
cypermethrinWako>96.0 (for Pesticide Residue Analysis)
deltamethrinWako99.0 (for Pesticide Residue Analysis)
fenvalerateWako99.0 (for Pesticide Residue Analysis)
cis-permethrinWako98.0
trans-permethrinWako98.0
phenothrinEhrenstorfer97.5
3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol (PBAlc)Wako98.0
3-phenoxybenzyl aldehyde (PBAld)Wako97.0
3-phenoxybenzoic acid (PBAcid)Wako98.0

Wako: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., (Osaka, Japan).

Ehrenstorfer: Dr. Ehrenstorfer GmbH (Augsburg, Germany).

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5

Ginkgolide A and Flavonoid Extraction

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A standardized powder form of Ginkgolide A and flavonoids were purchased from National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, China. 5-pregnen-3β-ol-20-one-16α-carbonitrile (PCN), lps, and nicardipine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All other common reagents not listed were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or other common vendors.
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