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5 protocols using amersham ecl western blotting system

1

Western Blot Analysis of Yap in Sensory Epithelia

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The standard Western blotting protocol (BioRad) was used with the following specifications. The utricles containing sensory epithelia, transitional epithelia, and underlying mesenchyme were isolated by microdissection and lysed in 50 μL RIPA lysis buffer for 30 min at 4 ˚C and sonicated thrice at low power for 10 s each with the sample kept on ice between the sonications. The total protein concentration in each sample was determined by the BCA assay (Thermo Fisher). A NuPAGE 12% Bis-Tris Protein Gel (Thermo Fisher) was used to resolve the proteins in 5 μg of each sample. The proteins were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane (BioRad) and blocked for 1 hr at room tempirature in a 5% solution of skim-milk powder (Sigma-Aldrich) in tris buffer (BioRad) with 0.1% Tween 20 (Sigma-Aldrich). After the primary antibodies—rabbit anti-Yap (Cell Signaling) and rabbit anti-H3 (Millipore)—had been reconstituted at 1:10000 in tris buffer blocking solution containing 0.1% Tween 20% and 5% normal sheep serum (Sigma-Aldrich), the membrane was incubated over night at 4 ˚C. After 5 30 min washes at room tempirature in TBST, the anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody (Millipore) was applied in TBST for 1 hr at room temperature. Horseradish-peroxidase activity was detected with the Amersham ECL Western Blotting System (GE Healthcare Life Sciences).
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2

Western Blotting Protein Detection

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Isolated protein was applied to a Bis-Tris NuPAGE 4%−12% gel (Novex by Life Technologies) for protein separation. Protein was wet transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane and blocked in 5% blotting grade nonfat milk diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 0.1% Tween for at least one hour. Membranes were incubated with primary antibody (PGR Santa Cruz H-190 (1:400), ACTIN Santa Cruz I-19 (1:10,000), myc-tag Origene TA100010 (1:1000), CCND1 Thermo Fisher RB-9041-P0 (1:200), mTORC1 Cell Signaling 2983 (1:1000), pmTORC1 Cell Signaling 2971 (1:1000), COX1 Cayman Chemical 160110 (1:200), COX2 Cell Signaling 12282 (1:1000), ERK Cell Signaling 9102 (1:1000), pERK Cell Signaling 4370 (1:1000)) overnight. Membranes were washed and incubated with secondary antibody (anti-rabbit peroxidase (1:4000), anti-mouse peroxidase (1:5000), and anti-goat peroxidase (1:4000) according to primary antibody requirements) in 5% milk diluted in PBS with Tween. The Amersham ECL Western blotting system was utilized to develop peroxidase labeled protein according to manufacturer’s instructions (GE Healthcare).
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3

Exosome Protein Profiling by Western Blot

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Exosomes were lysed with RIPA buffer. Lysates were subjected to SDS/PAGE (10% gel) and the proteins were transferred onto a polyvinylidine fluoride membrane (Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA). After blocking with 5% BSA, membranes were incubated with rat anti-mouse CD9, goat anti-mouse CD63 and goat anti-mouse CD81 antibodies overnight at 4 °C (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA). The reaction product was finally visualized with an Amersham ECL Western Blotting system (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Chalfont, UK).
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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Protein extracts were prepared with TRIzol reagent (Life Technologies, Carlsbad,
CA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions and
20 μg of extracts were subjected to sodium dodecyl
sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Membranes were blocked and
incubated at 4 °C overnight in skim milk with the
following antibodies: STAT3 (#9132), phospho-Y(705)STAT3 (#9131),
phospho-S(727)STAT3 (#9134S), ERK1/2 (#9102), phosphor-T(202), Y(204)ERK1/2
(#4377), STAT1 (#9172), phospho-Y(701)STAT1 (#9171), phospho-NF-κB
p65 (Ser536) (93H1) rabbit mAb (#3033) (all from Cell Signaling Technology Inc,
Danvers, MA), GAPDH (#9485), NF-kB p65 (#2106) and IL-19 (#198925) (both from
Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and IL-33 (ALX-804-840) (Axxora, San Diego, CA). Membranes
were incubated with peroxide-conjugated secondary antibody (polyclonal swine
anti-rabbit or mouse, HRP conjugated; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) and visualized by
enhanced chemiluminescence using an Amersham ECL western blotting system (GE
Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, UK). For analysis bands were quantified using the
Quantity One software system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) and phosphorylated proteins
expressed as a proportion of total protein determined from duplicate
membranes.
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5

Quantitative Western Blotting Analysis

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Approximately 3 × 107 cells were used to prepare protein extracts (Ohashi et al. 1982 (link); Amberg et al. 2005 ). Protein preparations to preserve ubiquitinylated species were conducted as described previously (Laney and Hochstrasser 2002 ). Samples were fractionated on a 7% resolving gel using standard discontinuous SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting techniques (Ausubel et al. 1989 ). Immunoblotting was conducted according to the Amersham ECL™ Western Blotting System (GE Healthcare Life Science, Piscataway, NJ). The primary antibodies, monoclonal α-hemagglutinin, α-HA (12CA5, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), monoclonal α-myc (Myc.A7, Thermo Scientific), monoclonal α-PGK (Invitrogen), and polyclonal α-Kar2 (Rose Laboratory, Georgetown University) were used at a 1:200, 1:1000, 1:5000, and 1:5000 dilution, respectively. The α-mouse or α-rabbit IgG horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare Life Sciences) were used at a 1:2500 dilution. Band intensities of the target protein and the loading controls were directly quantified with a G: BOX imaging system (Syngene) or with the densitometry function of the open-source program ImageJ (Schneider et al. 2012 (link)).
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