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L norepinephrine

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Czechia, Germany, Poland

L-norepinephrine is a laboratory chemical used in various research and analytical applications. It is a naturally occurring catecholamine that functions as a neurotransmitter and hormone. L-norepinephrine is commonly used in biochemical assays, cell culture studies, and analytical procedures.

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6 protocols using l norepinephrine

1

Synthesis and Analysis of Neuroactive Peptides

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Human ANP, CNP, VNP and the designed CNAAC were synthesized by GL Biochem Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and were confirmed to have a purity of approximately 95% by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. ACh and L-norepinephrine (NE) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC (St. Louis, MO, USA). Rat BNP, angiotensin II (Ang II), aldosterone (ALD), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) ELISA kits were purchased from Shanghai Lianshuo Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Lianshuo, Shanghai, China).
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2

Norepinephrine Signaling Modulation Assay

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L-Norepinephrine (10 μmol/L; Sigma) was added immediately before measurements. In some experiments, DL-Propranolol (2 μmol/L; Sigma) or Prazosin (100 nmol/L; Sigma) were added 60 minutes before L-Norepinephrine. Ascorbic acid (100 μmol/L; Sigma) was added to prevent oxidation of L-Norepinephrine. Thapsigargin (5 μmol/L, Sigma) was added 10 minutes prior to experiments.
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3

Molecular Biology Reagents Preparation

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Eagle’s minimum essential medium (EMEM), MEM non-essential amino acid solution, l-glutamine solution, l-(−)-norepinephrine, S-(5′-Adenosyl)-l-methionine (SAM), l-glutathione (GSH), 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphate (PAP), 2-naphthol, menadione, and Polyphenon 60 (GTE), the defined form of GTE, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Prague, Czech Republic). Fetal bovine serum and streptomycin sulfate were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). (−)-EGCG was supplied by Extrasynthese (Lyon, France). We bought ProtoScript® II Reverse Transcriptase from NEB (Ipswich, UK), TriReagent from Biotech (Prague, Czech Republic), and the qPCR Core kit for SYBR Green I from Eurogentec (Seraing, Belgium). All other chemicals, HPLC or analytical grade, were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
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4

Synthesis of Phenylethylamine Derivatives

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The following are the relevant ethylamines: 2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylamine (1a), 2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylamine (1b), 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethylamine (1c), 2-(4-bromophenyl)ethylamine (1d), 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethylamine (1e), 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethylamine (1f). The target analytes are as follows: tyramine; L-norepinephrine or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; and methacrylic acid, methacryloyl chloride, divinylbenzene were sourced from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). The polymerization reaction initiator, 1,1′-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile, was from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The relevant solvents (ethylene dichloride, hexane, petroleum ether, toluene, methanol, hydrochloric acid (36%), triethylamine, and salts used in the synthesis and the post-polymerization treatment) were delivered from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). Ultra-pure water delivered from a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, France) was used to prepare water solutions.
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5

Inhibition of Fungal Growth and Cell Signaling

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Amphotericin B (25 mg/mL stock in DMSO Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. A2411) was used for inhibition of fungal growth. l-norepinephrine (10 mM stock solution in DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. A7257), acetylcholine chloride (10 mM stock in DMSO, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. A2661), fMLF (10 mM stock in DMSO, Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. 47729), fMIFL (10 mM stock in DMSO, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals, cat. no. 072-05), tBOC (2 mM stock solution in DMSO, Tocris, cat. no. 3730) and human serum (Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. H4522) were directly added to FPSSEAP-engineered cells.
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6

Quantum Dots for Neurotransmitter Detection

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Oleic acid-capped quantum dots (QDs-OA) with alloyed (CdSexS1-x) core and ZnS shell (CdSeS/ZnS), nanocrystal diameter = 6.0 nm, λem = 630 nm, 1 mg/mL in toluene were purchased from Cytodiagnostics Inc. (Burlington, Canada). Glutathione in reduced form (GSH) was from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). Tetramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate (TMAH) was from Alfa Aesar (Kandel, Germany). Chloroform, anhydrous ethanol, and phosphoric acid (85%) were obtained from Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). Dialysis tubing cellulose membrane (MWCO = 12 kDa), dopamine hydrochloride, L-epinephrine, L-norepinephrine, serotonin hydrochloride, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine chloride, sodium phosphate monohydrate, disodium phosphate dodecahydrate, and sodium hydroxide were supplied by Sigma-Merck (Poznań, Poland). Milli-Q water was used for preparation of all aqueous solutions. All chemicals were used as received.
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