Rifamycin sv

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Rifamycin SV is a lab equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is a naturally derived compound with antibacterial properties. The core function of Rifamycin SV is to serve as a key component in scientific research and experiments.

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Rifamycin (3 citations)

8 protocols using rifamycin sv

Neuronal Cell Culture Reagents and Protocols

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Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, Neurobasal A medium, Dulbecco's phosphate‐buffered saline, Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺‐free Hanks’ buffered saline solution, B‐27 supplement with/without antioxidants and Alamar Blue reagent were purchased from Life Technologies Inc. (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Papain was purchased from Worthington (Lakewood, NJ, USA). AL8810 was purchased from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA), deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) from bovine pancreas, insulin from bovine pancreas, catalase from bovine liver, l‐cysteine, l‐glutamate, gentamicin, protease inhibitor cocktail, phosphatase inhibitor cocktail 2, LA, rifamycin SV, DSL, and 1,2‐bis (2‐aminophenoxy) ethane N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA).
Twelve‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). GM 6001, TAPI‐1, GF109203X, and calpain substrate IV were purchased from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA).

Yamamoto K., Sato K., Yukita M., Yasuda M., Omodaka K., Ryu M., Fujita K., Nishiguchi K.M., Machida S, & Nakazawa T. (2016). The neuroprotective effect of latanoprost acts via klotho‐mediated suppression of calpain activation after optic nerve transection. Journal of Neurochemistry, 140(3), 495-508.

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Protocol

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Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using a modified conventional macrobroth two-fold dilution bioassay [11 (link), 20 (link)] with MHB as diluent. MHB stock solutions of novobiocin sodium (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St Louis, MO), rifamycin SV (Sigma-Aldrich Co.), and polymyxin B sulfate (Sigma-Aldrich Co.) were prepared to desired concentrations, filter sterilized (0.22 μm Fisherbrand Syringe Filter; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Pittsburgh, PA), and stored at 4°C until needed. A stock solution (1,280 μg/mL) of triclosan was prepared in 95% ethanol and diluted to a concentration of 128 μg/mL in sterile MHB in a manner such that the final ethanol concentration never exceeded 0.4%. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined by inoculating MHA plates with 100 μl from concentrations greater than those contained in the MIC endpoint cultures and incubating for 24 h at 37°C before visually assessing colonial growth.

Ruskoski S.A., McDonald A.A., Bleichner J.J., Aga S.S., Boyina K, & Champlin F.R. (2023). Disparate properties of Burkholderia multivorans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa regarding outer membrane chemical permeabilization to the hydrophobic substances novobiocin and triclosan. PLOS ONE, 18(4), e0284855.

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Purchasing Authentic Rifamycin Standards

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Rifamycin SV and rifamycin O authentic standards were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA) and Toronto Research Chemicals (Canada), respectively. Rifamycin S and rifamycin B authentic standards were bought from National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (China).

Qi F., Lei C., Li F., Zhang X., Wang J., Zhang W., Fan Z., Li W., Tang G.L., Xiao Y., Zhao G, & Li S. (2018). Deciphering the late steps of rifamycin biosynthesis. Nature Communications, 9, 2342.

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Preparation and Storage of Rifamycin Compounds

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All chemicals and solvents were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ, USA) if not mentioned otherwise and were at least spectrophotometric grade. Rifampin, rifabutin, rifaximin and rifamycin SV were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), rifapentine was kindly provided from Sanofi Aventis (Gentilly Cedex, France) and rifalazil from ActivBiotics Pharma, LLC (Tucker, GA, USA). Stock solutions of the drugs were prepared in DMSO or ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and stored at −80°C.

Staudinger T., Redl B, & Glasgow B.J. (2014). Antibacterial Activity of Rifamycins for M. Smegmatis with Comparison of Oxidation and Binding to Tear Lipocalin. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1844(4), 750-758.

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Hepatocyte-based Compound Solubility Evaluation

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Daprodustat, enarodustat, molidustat, roxadustat, vadadustat were purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ). Desidustat was purchased from AmBeed (Arlington Heights, IL). Rosuvastatin was purchased from Sequoia Research Products Ltd.
(Oxford, UK). Rifampin, rifamycin SV, quinidine, ketoprofen were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Cryopreserved human plateable hepatocytes (Hu8246, Caucasian, female 37 years old and HH1062, female 33 years old) were purchased from Life Techlologies (Carlebad CA) and In Vitro ADMET Laboratories (Columbia, MD). Cryopreserved cynomolgus hepatocytes (10106012) was purchased from In Vitro ADMET Laboratories (Columbia, MD).
InVitroGro-HT, CP and HI hepatocyte media were purchased from Celsis (Baltmore, MD). MDCKII-LE cells were from Pfizer (Groton, CT). MEMα, FBS, 100x NEAA, 100x GlutaMAX ® and 1% of 10,000 U/mL penicillin-10,000 µg/mL streptomycin were purchased from Gibco Life Technology (Waltham, MA). Millicell-96 insert plates and BSA were purchased from MilliporeSigma (Burlington, MA).

Bi Y.A., Jordan S., King-Ahmad A., West M.A., Yamaguchi E., Ryu S., Mathialagan S., Tess D.A, & Varma M.V.S. (2024). Low molecular weight acids and OATP1B mediated hepatic clearance: In vitro and in vivo evaluation using novel hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (Dustats). Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.

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Radiolabeling and Formulation of [18F]LCATD

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For preclinical PET studies, [¹⁸F]LCATD was synthesised as reported previously [6 (link)] (see the Supplementary Materials for further details) and formulated in 10% ethanol in PBS. Radiochemical purity was >99% and specific activity >20 GBq·µmol⁻¹. Rifamycin SV was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (UK) and dissolved in 10% ethanol in saline solution (20 mg·mL⁻¹). Sodium fusidate was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK) and was formulated in saline solution (20 mg·mL⁻¹).

Testa A., Dall'Angelo S., Mingarelli M., Augello A., Schweiger L., Welch A., Elmore C.S., Dawson D., Sharma P, & Zanda M. (2018). Preclinical Evaluation of [18F]LCATD as a PET Tracer to Study Drug-Drug Interactions Caused by Inhibition of Hepatic Transporters. Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging, 2018, 3064751.

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Hepatocyte Cryopreservation and Assays

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Transporter-qualified cryopreserved human hepatocyte lots (8339 and 8350) were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA) (Supplemental Table 9). Williams' E medium, cryopreserved hepatocyte recovery medium, hepatocyte maintenance, and plating supplement pack were purchased from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA). Atorvastatin, rifamycin SV, N-methyl quinidine, valspodar, Ko143, and benzbromarone were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). [ 3 H]Atorvastatin, [ 3 H]estradiol-17β-glucuronide, [ 3 H]estrone-3-sulfate, and [ 3 H]TCA were purchased from American Radiolabeled Chemicals Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA). [ 3 H] Guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic phosphate (cGMP) was procured from Perkin Elmer (Waltham, MA, UA). ML00960317 was prepared and supplied by Takeda Pharmaceutical company. All organic solvents were of the highest quality and procured from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA) and Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Sandoval P., Chuang B.C., Fallon J.K., Smith P.C., Chowdhury S.K., Griffin R.J., Xia C.Q., Iwasaki S, & Chothe P.P. (2022). Sinusoidal Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 1B1/1B3 and Bile Canalicular Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2 Play an Essential Role in the Hepatobiliary Disposition of a Synthetic Cyclic Dinucleotide (STING Agonist). The AAPS journal, 24(6).

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Transporter-Mediated Drug Interaction Study

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Glyburide and rifamycin SV were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). M1 and M2b were obtained from Medical Isotopes (Pelham, NH). InVitroGRO-HT, CP, and HI hepatocyte media were purchased from Celsis IVT (Baltimore, MD). Cryopreserved human hepatocytes from donor HH1025 and HH1026 (Caucasian female, 59 years old) were purchased from In Vitro ADMET Laboratories, LLC (Columbia, MD). Human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells stably transfected with human OATP1B1, OATP1B3, or OATP2B1 were generated at Pfizer Inc. (Sandwich, UK). HEK293 cells transfected with organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and OAT3 were obtained from Dr. Kathleen Giacomini (University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA). HEK293 cells stably transfected with NTCP were obtained from Professor Per Artursson (Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden). Human multidrug resistanceassociated protein (MRP) 2, MRP3, MRP4, and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) vesicles were obtained from Corning (Corning, NY). Human BSEP and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) vesicles were purchased from Solvo Biotechnology (Budapest, Hungary).

Li R., Bi Y.A., Vildhede A., Scialis R.J., Mathialagan S., Yang X., Marroquin L.D., Lin J, & Varma M.V.S. (2017). Transporter-Mediated Disposition, Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Cholestatic Potential of Glyburide and Its Primary Active Metabolites. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 45(7).

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