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Dsu confocal microscope

Manufactured by Olympus
Sourced in United States

The Olympus DSU confocal microscope is a high-performance imaging system designed for advanced microscopy applications. It employs a confocal optical system to provide enhanced image quality, resolution, and contrast compared to traditional wide-field microscopes. The core function of the DSU confocal microscope is to capture detailed, high-resolution images of samples by utilizing focused laser illumination and precise spatial filtering techniques.

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9 protocols using dsu confocal microscope

1

Analyzing Cell Cycle Dynamics

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H9 hESCs and hiPSCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing the FUCCI reporter (mCherry-hCDT1-T2A-mAG-hGEMININ). Transduced cells were selected by 300 μg/ml neomycin treatment. Cells expressing the FUCCI reporter were imaged by Olympus DSU confocal microscope for 24–48 h with 10-min interval in a chamber with 5% CO2 and 37 °C temperature. Duration of each cell-cycle state was measured by manual tracking with the following criteria: G1, from red on to green on; S/G2/M, from red off to green off. To minimize tracking bias, we selected cells randomly regardless of their position in the colony.
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2

Immunofluorescence Labeling of Cells

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Cells (3 × 105) were grown to 80% confluence on glass coverslips and then fixed with methanol alone or with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl; 10 mM EGTA; 1% Triton X-100; 1 mM PMSF; and 50 µg/ml aprotinin (all from Sigma), and subsequently blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin for 1 hr at room temperature. Identical results were obtained with both methods. Samples were incubated with indicated primary antibodies diluted in blocking buffer at 4°C overnight. Secondary antibodies were Alexa 488 and 594 anti-mouse and anti-rabbit (Invitrogen). Nuclear staining was accomplished with Vectashield mounting medium containing DAPI, and staining was observed with a DSU confocal microscope (Olympus, New York). To determine the relative intensities, total areas of cytoplasmic and nuclear regions of each image were measured as well as the threshold intensity for each channel utilizing Metamorph Imaging Software (Molecular Devices, LLC, Sunnyvale, CA). Differences between intensities were determined by Excel. Bar graphs represented n = 3 images sectioned and individually analyzed for total area. All quantitative data were normalized to appropriate control images.
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3

Amylo-Glo Staining of ReN Cells

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The fixed 3D thin-layer cultures of ReN cells were washed 3 times with saline and incubated with 0.001% (v/v) Amylo-Glo solution for 5 minutes in a dark environment. The cells were then washed with saline followed by three washings with DDW. To avoid fluorescence quenching, a drop of anti-fade gold (Life Technologies) was added on top of the stained cells. The Amylo-Glo fluorescence was measured by Olympus DSU confocal microscope with Metamorph image analysis software (Olympus).
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4

Visualizing APP and BACE1 in H4-APP751 cells

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The H4-APP751 cells were cultured and maintained in four-chamber culture slides as described above, then treated with DMSO, 500 nM JQ1, or 100 nM ARV-825 overnight. The slides were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for 20 min at room temperature (RT), then permeabilized and blocked by incubating with a blocking PBS solution 0.1% Triton-X-100, containing 5% donkey serum, at RT for 1 h. After washing with PBS washing buffer containing 0.1% (v/v) Tween-20, cells were incubated with primary antibody 6E10 (anti-APP antibody, 1:250 dilution) and BACE1 (D10E5 from CST, 1:250) in the blocking solution at 4 °C overnight. After washing three times with washing buffer, the cells were then incubated with AlexaFluor secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 488 anti-mouse, Catalog # A-21202; Alexa Fluor 546 anti-rabbit, Catalog # A10040, Life Technologies) for 2 h at RT. After washing five times, the cells were incubated with DAPI in PBS solution to stain the cell nucleus at RT for 10 min. The cells were then washed with PBS three times. To avoid fluorescence quenching, a drop of anti-fade gold (Life Technologies; Catalog # P36934) was added on top of the fixed/stained cells before imaging. The fluorescence images were captured using the Olympus DSU confocal microscope (Olympus USA).
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5

Histological Preparation and Validation for Pain Research

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Tissue preparation for histology involved isoflurane anesthesia followed by perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, Fort Washington, PA) in 0.2 M phosphate buffer. Brains were removed and immersed in fixative for 2 h and then cryoprotected in 30% sucrose for 72 h. Coronal sections (35 µm thick) were cut with a cryostat including the PAG. For immunocytochemistry, slices were washed, blocked with normal goat serum (NGS), permeabilized with 1% Triton X, and then exposed to a solution containing a tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) antibody (1:400) (Chemicon, Temecula, CA), followed by an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated secondary antibody (1:50) (Invitrogen). Control experiments were conducted with secondary antibody alone, which did not yield cellular staining at this dilution. Images were obtained with an Olympus DSU confocal microscope.
After conducting physiology experiments, dye localization was examined in the RVM of each rat under a fluorescent microscope. If the majority of dye was found outside the RVM, those rats were excluded from the dataset. After completion of the formalin assay, placement of the drug injection cannulae was determined by focally injecting each animal with 0.6 µL of fluorescent microspheres (Life Technology) prior to sacrifice. Animals with dye injection entirely outside the boundaries of vlPAG were excluded from the dataset.
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6

Immunofluorescent Localization of Kaiso

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Cells were grown to approximately 80% confluence on 4-well chambered slides and fixed with warm 3.7% formaldehyde for 10 min at room temperature. Cells were permeabilized after rinsing thoroughly in 0.2% Triton X-100 for 5 min and rinsed 3-4 times with PBS. Cells were incubated with approximately 200 uL of FX Signal enhancer (Invitrogen) for 30 min in a humid environment and at room temperature. Cells were stained after rinsing thoroughly with anti-Kaiso antibody for 1 hour at room temperature, protected from light. Cells were washed thoroughly and stained with secondary antibody, Alexa 594 anti-mouse (Invitrogen) for 30 min and washed thoroughly. Nuclear staining was achieved by adding Vectashield mounting medium with DAPI and cell staining was observed under DSU confocal microscope (Olympus, New York) using Metamorph Imaging Software (Molecular devices, LLC, Sunnyvale, CA) to capture cell images.
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7

Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging Protocol

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An Olympus DSU confocal microscope was used to capture all fluorescent images. 20 X and 40 X objectives were used in this study with numerical aperture of 0.5 and 1.2 respectively. The final image resolutions were 0.4 and 0.2 μm per pixel. A Nikon epifluorescent microscope was used to capture images of H&E sections. To avoid immunoflourescent background, exposure rate was set on auto to minimize the noise from different channels. Images used in the figures were taken at exposure rate of 100 ms. Any modification to images, for example, to brightness, was performed across the entire image in accordance with the journal’s standards. Similar results were obtained using images collected from a variety of imaging platforms on our campus; all fluorescent microscope camera combinations captured sufficient images for analysis.
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8

Immunofluorescence Staining of Lung Tissue

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Tissues were fixed with cold 100% methanol alone, permeabilized with 100 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl; 10 mM EGTA; 1% Triton X-100; 1 mM PMSF; and 50 μg/mL aprotinin (all from Sigma) for 30 min, and subsequently blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin for 1 h at room temperature. Samples were incubated with the indicated primary antibodies diluted in a blocking buffer at 4 °C overnight. The samples were then incubated with secondary antibodies (Invitrogen’s Alexa Fluor 488 and 594 anti-mouse and anti-rabbit antibodies) for 1 h at room temperature. Nuclear staining was accomplished with Vectashield mounting medium containing DAPI, and staining was observed with a DSU confocal microscope (Olympus, New York, NY, USA). Quantifications of immunofluorescence staining were carried out by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity of 10 different 20× images of each tissue using Metamorph Imaging Software (Molecular Devices, LLC, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Bar graphs represent an average mean intensity or number of cells of the lung tissue sections. All quantitative data were normalized to appropriate control images.
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9

Immunofluorescent Detection of LC3 in THP-1 Cells

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The THP-1 cells were treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde followed by fixation with 0.2% Triton X-100. After blocking with 5% BSA, cells were incubated with the LC3 antibody and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat IgG. Images were captured by Olympus DSU confocal microscope under a magnification of 600. At least 10 cells from triple cross-sectioned per group were counted by blinded researchers.
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