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6 protocols using cesium bromide

1

Perovskite Solar Cell Material Synthesis

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The following materials are used in this study: DMF (anhydrous; 99.8%; Sigma-Aldrich); lead bromide (PbBr2; 99.999%), cesium bromide (CsBr; 99.999%), and lead iodide (PbI2; 99.999%); cesium iodide (CsI; 99.999%) was bought from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp.; l-arginine (C6H14N4O2; 98%; Aladdin); PVDF-HFP [average weight-average molecular weight (Mw) ≈ 400,000; Sigma-Aldrich]; PEDOT:PSS solution (Clevios, PVP Al4083); TFB (Luminescence Technology Corp.); chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl; anhydrous; Aladdin); LiF (99.99%; Lumtech Corp.); and PO-T2T (99%; Nichem).
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2

Synthesis of Perovskite Solar Cell Materials

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Chemicals consumed in this experimentation are itemized as follows: lead(ii) bromide (PbBr2, purity >99.99%) and cesium bromide (CsBr, purity ≥99.9%) were bought from Xi'an polymer light technology corp. Tin (II) bromide (SnBr2, 99.2%) product was acquired from Alfa Aesar. Titanium diisopropoxidebis(acetylacetonate) (75 wt%) in isopropanol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4 99.0%) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, ≥99.5%), ethanol ≥99.7%, acetone ≥99.5%, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrobromic acid (HBr) were purchased from Sino Pharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated conductive glasses with a block resistance of 14 Ω and light transmittances of ≥90% were purchased from Wuhan Jinge solar energy technology Co., Ltd. All these chemicals were directly utilized without additional modification.
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3

Organic Optoelectronic Device Fabrication

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Cesium bromide (CsBr; 99.0%), lead bromide (PbBr2; 99.0%), cesium chloride (CsCl; 99.0%), and PEACl were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. DABr was purchased from Greatcell Solar Materials. PEDOT:PSS (Clevios P VP Al 4083) was purchased from Heraeus. TPBi (99.5%) was purchased from Lumtec. DMSO (anhydrous, 99.9%), chlorobenzene (99.9%), ethanolamine (ETA) (99.5%), and LiF (99.99%) were purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation. ITO glasses were from LinkZill. All materials are used directly without any purification treatment.
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4

Synthesis and Characterization of Perovskite Precursor

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6TIC-4F was synthesized in our own lab according to our published paper64 (link). NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) and ZnO NPs were synthesized according to previously reported procedures65 (link),66 (link). Cesium iodide (CsI, 99.99%) and Cesium bromide (CsBr, 99.999%) were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively. SnO2 colloid (tin (IV) oxide) precursor was purchased from Alfa Aesar. C60 was purchased from Nano C. Dimethylformamide (DMF, > 99.0%) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were both purchased from TCI. Unless otherwise stated, all of the chemicals were obtained commercially and used directly without purification. The perovskite precursor solution was prepared by dissolving 1.0 mmol PbI2, 0.2 mmol CsBr and 0.8 mmol CsI in a mixture solvent of DMSO and DMF (9:1 v/v, 1 mL), and then kept stirring overnight in an N2-filled glovebox.
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5

Synthesis of Perovskite-based Optoelectronic Materials

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Cesium bromide (CsBr), Cesium chloride (CsCl), lead chloride (PbCl2) and Iodine Cesium (CsI2) were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. Lead bromide (PbBr2, 99.9%) and lead Iodine (PbI2) were purchased from Aladdin. The N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, AR), n-hexane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Shanghai Yinli Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOS) was purchased from Heowns Industrial Corporation. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), polystyrene (PS) and deuterated dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO–d6) were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. All chemicals were used as received without further purification. The commercial BaMgAl10O17:Eu blue-emitted powder and K2SiF6:Mn4+ (KSF) red phosphors were purchased from Shenzhen looking long technology Co., LTD.
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6

Synthesis of Tin Oxide Colloid Precursor

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The
SnO2 colloid precursor was
purchased from Alfa Aesar (tin(IV) oxide). N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) was purchased from J&K Chemicals.
Lead bromide (PbBr2, 99.0%) and cesium bromide (CsBr, 99.9%)
were obtained from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. The
commercial carbon paste (including graphene and carbon black) was
purchased from Shanghai Mater Win New Materials Co., Ltd. The other
materials if not stated were purchased from TCI. All materials were
used without further purification.
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