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4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi)

Manufactured by New England Biolabs

DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a fluorescent stain that binds to the minor groove of DNA. It is commonly used in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry to visualize and quantify nucleic acids.

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4 protocols using 4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi)

1

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization of Drosophila Embryos

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2-4 h embryos were fixed as previously described75 (link) and stored in methanol at −20°C until required. Fixed embryos were placed in Wheaton vials (Sigma, Cat# Z115053-12EA) for FISH as described previously.31 (link) Embryos were probed for the mRNA target using smiFISH fluorescent probes designed to exonic sequences of gt, sog and mew with X or Z flap sequences70 (link) and secondary detection probes labeled with Quasar 570 or 670 fluorophore (all probe sequences are listed in Table S1). Mouse α-Spectrin antibody (1:50 DSHB, 3A9 (323 or M10-2), RRID:AB_528473) incubation overnight at 4°C was used with a secondary Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H + L) Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 488 (1:1000 Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat# A-11001, RRID:AB_2534069) for 2 h at room temperature to stain the membrane. DAPI (New England Biolabs, Cat# 4083) was added to the embryos in the second of the final four washes of the protocol at a concentration of 1:1000 and embryos were mounted onto slides in Prolong Diamond (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat# P36961) to set overnight before imaging.
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2

Spatiotemporal Transcriptomic Analysis of Drosophila Embryo

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For smFISH, 2–4 h or 1–3 h embryos were processed as described (Hoppe et al., 2020 (link)) with anti-sog Stellaris (Fig. 2C, Fig. S1), or sog single molecule inexpensive FISH (smiFISH) (Fig. S4) (Tsanov et al., 2016 (link)), ush Stellaris, lacZ Stellaris, and Race smiFISH probes (Tsanov et al., 2016 (link)). ush probe sequences are available from (Hoppe et al., 2020 (link)), while sog Stellaris, sog smiFISH, lacZ Stellaris, and Race smiFISH probe sequences are provided in Table S2. Race and sog smiFISH probes were annealed to a 570-conjugated Y-FLAP and Z-FLAP, respectively (Tsanov et al., 2016 (link)). For immunostaining against mNeonGreen and Spectrin, mouse anti-mNeonGreen [32F6] (1:500, ChromoTek, cat. #32f6-100, RRID: AB_2827566), mouse anti-Spectrin (1:50, DSHB, cat. #3A9 (323 or M10-2), RRID: AB_528473) and donkey anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody, Alexa Fluor 488 (1:1000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, cat. #A-21202, RRID: AB_141607) primary and secondary antibodies were used. To stain nuclei, samples were incubated with DAPI (1:1000, NEB 4083). Samples were mounted in ProLong™ Diamond Antifade Mountant (Thermo Fisher Scientific, P36961).
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3

Comprehensive Embryonic RNA Staining

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Embryos (2–4 h) were collected and stained by RNA in situ hybridisation with sog-digoxygenin-UTP, Race-Biotin-UTP, lacZ-digoxygenin-UTP or mNeonGreen-biotin-UTP probes as described (Hoppe et al., 2020 (link); Kosman et al., 2004 (link)). An mNeonGreen-biotin-UTP probe was synthesised as previously described (Kosman et al., 2004 (link)) with primers listed in Table S1. Antibodies used were mouse anti-biotin (1:250, Roche, cat. #1297597), sheep anti-digoxigenin Fab fragments antibody, AP conjugated (1:200, Roche, cat. #11093274910 RRID:AB514497), donkey anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody, Alexa Fluor 647 (1:500, Thermo Fisher Scientific, cat. #A-31571, RRID:AB162542), and donkey anti-sheep IgG secondary antibody, Alex Fluor 488 (1:500, Thermo Fisher Scientific, cat. #A-11015, RRID: AB_2534082). For pMad immunostaining, anti-Smad3 (phospho S423+S425) [EP823Y] (1:500, Abcam, cat. #ab52903, RRID: AB_882596) primary antibody and Donkey anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody, Alexa Fluor 647 (1:500, Thermo Fisher Scientific, cat. #A-31573, RRID: AB_2536183) were used. To stain embryo nuclei, samples were incubated with DAPI (1:1000, NEB 4083). Samples were mounted in ProLong™ Diamond Antifade Mountant (Thermo Fisher Scientific, P36961).
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4

Embryonic in situ Hybridization and Antibody Staining

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Embryo collections (2-4h), RNA probe synthesis and in situ hybridization with digoxygenin-UTP-labeled (Sigma, 11277073910) or biotin-UTP-labeled probes (Sigma, 11685597910) were performed as described by (Kosman et al., 2004 (link)). Antisense probes targeting sog and brk gene regions were approximately 1kb in length (Primer sequences available upon request). The following primary and secondary antibodies were used: Sheep Anti-Digoxigenin Fab fragments Antibody, AP Conjugated (1:250 Roche Cat# 11093274910, RRID:AB_514497), mouse anti-biotin (1:250 Roche, 1297597), donkey anti-Sheep IgG Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor or 555 (1:500; Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-21436, RRID:AB_2535857) and donkey anti-Mouse IgG Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor 647 (1:500; Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-31571, RRID:AB_162542). Samples were incubated with DAPI (1:500; NEB, 4083) and mounted in ProLongTM Diamond Antifade Mountant (Thermo Fisher, P36961). For alkaline phosphatase blue stain; embryos were incubated in staining solution containing 0.675mg/mL nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT Sigma Cat# 11585029001) and 0.35mg/mL 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-phosphate (BCIP Sigma Cat# B6149). Embryos were mounted in PermountTM (BioWORLD Cat# 21750009).
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