5α dihydrotestosterone

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

5α-dihydrotestosterone is a lab equipment product used for research and analytical purposes. It is a metabolite of testosterone and is known for its role in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. This product is intended for use in laboratory settings by trained professionals for research, analysis, and scientific investigations.

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Close spelling variants of this product

Dihydrotestosterone (58 citations) 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (30 citations) 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) (4 citations) 5α-Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) solution (2 citations)

8 protocols using 5α dihydrotestosterone

Testosterone modulation of PBMC activation

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For testosterone treatment, we used RPMI 1640 Medium, without L-glutamine, without phenol red (Capricorn) supplemented with 1% GlutaMAX™ Supplement (Gibco), 1% Pen Strep (Gibco) and 5% charcoal stripped FBS Standard (PAN Biotech). For charcoal stripping of FBS, 2 g dextran-coated charcoal (DCC, Merck) were added to 100 ml FBS and incubated on a shaker overnight at 4 °C followed by centrifugation and filtration. Cryopreserved PBMCs from male healthy individuals were thawed and seeded at a density of 2 × 10⁵ cells per well in an anti-CD3 (10 µg/ml, clone OKT3, BioLegend) coated 96-well plate and supplemented with soluble anti-CD28 (2.5 µg/ml, clone CD28.2, BioLegend) or left unstimulated. Subsequently, testosterone (3, 30 and 300 ng/ml, Sigma Aldrich) or 5α-dihydrotestosterone (0.3, 3 and 30 ng/ml, SigmaAldrich) was added. Samples were incubated for 48 h at 37 °C and 5% CO₂, stained with antibodies listed in Table S4 and analyzed by flow cytometry after 2, 24 and 48 h.

Winschel I., Willing A., Engler J.B., Walkenhorst M., Meurs N., Binkle-Ladisch L., Woo M.S., Pfeffer L.K., Sonner J.K., Borgmeyer U., Hagen S.H., Grünhagel B., Claussen J.M., Altfeld M, & Friese M.A. (2024). Sex- and species-specific contribution of CD99 to T cell costimulation during multiple sclerosis. Biology of Sex Differences, 15, 41.

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Comprehensive Lipid Signaling Pathway Protocols

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27HC was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. T0901317 (T1317) was purchased from Cayman Chemical. 1,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-5-[4-(2-piperidinylethoxy)phenol]-1H-pyrazole dihydrochloride (MPP), 4-[2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl) pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]phenol (PHTPP), G1, G15, and iressa were purchased from Tocris Bioscience. Cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol and 5α-hydroxy-6-ketocholesterol were purchased from Steraloids. 17β-estradiol (E₂), GW3965 (GW), 4β-hydroxycholesterol, 7-ketocholesterol, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol, 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, cholesterol 5α,6α-epoxide, cholesterol 5β,6β-epoxide, cholesterol, progesterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dexamethasone, cortisone, Wy-14643, GW501516, troglitazone, EGF, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), PD0325901, U0126, SB203580, LY294002, and clotrimazole were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

Hiramitsu S., Ishikawa T., Lee W.R., Khan T., Crumbley C., Khwaja N., Zamanian F., Asghari A., Sen M., Zhang Y., Hawse J.R., Minna J.D, & Umetani M. (2018). Estrogen Receptor Beta-Mediated Modulation of Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation by 27-Hydroxycholesterol. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 9, 470.

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Preparing Chemical Compound Solutions

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SB203580 (4-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)pyridine) (SelleckChem, Houston, TX, USA), anisomycin (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 5α- dihydrotestosterone (Sigma Aldrich) were dissolved in DMSO, DMSO and methanol respectively.

Cheung S., Jain P., So J., Shahidi S., Chung S, & Koritzinsky M. (2021). p38 MAPK Inhibition Mitigates Hypoxia-Induced AR Signaling in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Cancers, 13(4), 831.

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Isolation and Characterization of HUVECs

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Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (C2517A, Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA) were cultured in endothelial growth medium (EGM-2) purchased from Lonza Bioscience (Walkersville, MD, USA). The HUVECs were maintained in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO₂ at 37 °C. Norepinephrine, acetylcholine, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), cortisol, aldosterone, insulin, glucagon, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 17β-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), estrone (E1), estriol (E3), fulvestrant, N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM), GW4869, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). An ExoQuick-Tc exosome isolation kit was purchased from System Biosciences (Palo Alto, CA, USA). The polyclonal antibody against APE1/Ref-1 was obtained from MediRedox, Inc. (Daejeon, Korea) and, the anti-CD63 antibody was obtained from Biobyt (Cambridge, UK). The monoclonal antibody against anti-heat shock protein-70 (HSP70, C92F3A-5) was obtained from Enzo Life Science (Farmingdale, NY, USA), the anti-CD9 (C-4) antibody was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA) and anti-ALG-2 interacting protein X (Alix, 3A9) antibody was obtained from Thermo-Fisher Scientific Inc (Waltham, MA, USA).

Lee Y.R., Joo H.K., Lee E.O., Kim S., Jin H., Choi Y.H., Kim C.S, & Jeon B.H. (2021). 17β-Estradiol Increases APE1/Ref-1 Secretion in Vascular Endothelial Cells and Ovariectomized Mice: Involvement of Calcium-Dependent Exosome Pathway. Biomedicines, 9(8), 1040.

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Steroid Compound Acquisition and Characterization

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17β-DihydroAndrosterone (5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol; 3α-adiol), Androstanedione (5α- androstane-3,17-dione; 5α-dione), Androstenedione (androstene-3,17-dione; A4), Androsterone (5α-androstan-3α-ol-17-one; AST), 5α-dihydro testosterone (5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one; DHT), Drospirenone (17-Hydroxy-6β,7β:15β,16β-dimethylene-3-oxo-17α- pregn-4-ene-21 carboxylic acid, DRSP), dutasteride ((5α,17β)-N-[2,5- Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-oxo-4-azaandrost-1-ene-17-carboxamide), gestodene (4,15- estradien-17β-ethynyl-18-homo-17α-ol-3-one, GES), indomethacin (1-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)-5- methoxy-2-methyl-3-indoleacetic acid) and testosterone (4-androsten-17β-ol-3-one; T) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). 11-KetoAndrostenedione (4-androstene- 3,11,17-trione; 11KA4), 11-ketotestosterone (4-androsten-17β-ol-3,11-dione; 11KT), 11- keto-5α-dihydro testosterone (5α-androstan-17β-ol-3,11-dione; 11KDHT) and 11- ketoAndrosterone (5α-androstan-3α-ol-11,17-dione; 11KAST) were purchased from Steraloids (Wilton, USA). testosterone-1, 2-D2 (T-D2) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Andover, USA).

Barnard M., Quanson J.L., Mostaghel E., Pretorius E., Snoep J.L, & Storbeck K.H. (2018). 11-Oxygenated androgen precursors are the preferred substrates for aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3): implications for castration resistant prostate cancer.. The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 183, 192-201.

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Cardiomyocyte Differentiation of Human iPSCs

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The human iPSC studies were approved by the HEIP Stem Cell committee of the University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center. The HSCC-022iPS cell line from an 11-year-old healthy female donor was obtained from the Human Stem Cell Core (HSCC) (Baylor College of Medicine). It was cultured in hESC-Qualified Matrigel (Corning)-coated plates and maintained in mTeSR plus medium (Stemcell Technologies). The iPS cells were then differentiated to cardiomyocytes by using the STEMdiff Cardiomyocyte Differentiation Kit (Stemcell Technologies) according to manufacture instruction. HiPS-CMs were treated with β-Estradiol (10 nM, Sigma-Aldrich), 5α-Dihydrotestosterone (10 nM, Sigma-Aldrich), IL-6 (10 ng/ml PeproTech), TNF-α (10 ng/ml PeproTech), IFN-γ (10 ng/ml PeproTech), LY500307 (10 nM, APExBIO), or ARN-509 (10 nM, Cayman Chemical) for 1 hr or as indicated in the figure legends.

Zhang Y., Sun C., Li Y., Qin J., Amancherla K., Jing Y., Hu Q., Liang K., Zhang Z., Ye Y., Huang L.A., Nguyen T.K., Egranov S.D., Zhao Z., Wu A., Xi Y., Yao J., Hung M.C., Calin G.A., Cheng J., Lim B., Lehmann L.H., Salem J.E., Johnson D.B., Curran M.A., Yu D., Han L., Darabi R., Yang L., Moslehi J.J, & Lin C. (2022). Hormonal Therapies Upregulate MANF and Overcome Female Susceptibility to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Myocarditis. Science translational medicine, 14(669), eabo1981.

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Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Evaluation

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Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), flutamide (CAS No. 13311-84-7), tamoxifen (CAS No.10540-29-1), menadione (CAS No. 58-27-15, purity > 98%), 17β-estradiol (CAS No. 50-28-2), 5α-dihydrotestosterone (CAS No. 521-18-6), benzo[a]pyrene (CAS No. 50-32-8), 4-nitroquinoline-n-oxide (CAS No. 56-57-5), cyclophosphamide (CAS No. 6055-19-2), 2-aminoanthracence (CAS No. 613-13-8), sodium azide (CAS No. 26628-22-8), 2-nitrofluorene (607-57-8) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Buchs, Switzerland). Tributyltin acetate (CAS 56-36-0) was purchased by Merk (Darmstadt, Germany). Reference compounds concentration series in DMSO were purchased from BioDetection Systems Inc (BDS) (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and the RealTime-Glo™ MT Cell Viability Assay from Promega (No. G9713) (Dübendorf, Switzerland). BlueScreen HC reagent materials were provided by Gentronix Limited (Alderley Park, UK).

Marin-Kuan M., Pagnotti V., Patin A., Moulin J., Latado H., Varela J., Hammel Y.A., Gude T., Moor H., Billinton N., Tate M., Behnisch P.A., Besselink H., Burleigh-Flayer H., Koster S, & Szabo D.T. (2023). Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate a Testing Protocol for the Safety of Food Packaging Coatings. Toxics, 11(2), 156.

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Chemical Standards Procurement Protocol

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Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was provided by Acros organics (France). 17-βoestradiol, 5-α-dihydrotestosterone, dexamethasone, progesterone and other refrence standards were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA). 2,3,7,8-TCDD was obtained from Wellington (Campro Scientific, The Netherlands). Table 1 shows the supplier of each of the 65 tested chemical.

Simon C., Onghena M., Covaci A., Van Hoeck E., Van Loco J., Vandermarken T., Van Langenhove K., Demaegdt H., Mertens B., Vandermeiren K., Scippo M.L, & Elskens M. (2016). Screening of endocrine activity of compounds migrating from plastic baby bottles using a multi-receptor panel of in vitro bioassays. Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 37.

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