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Gram stain

Manufactured by bioMérieux
Sourced in France, United States

The Gram stain is a laboratory procedure used to classify bacteria into two main groups, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, based on the structure and composition of their cell walls. It is a fundamental technique in microbiology and is used to aid in the identification and characterization of bacterial species.

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2 protocols using gram stain

1

Bacterial and Fungal Identification in Semen

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The determinations were performed on semen samples collected at T0 and T2. To identify bacterial contamination, each sample was placed on the plate onto the Columbia agar with 5% (v/v) sheep blood and Mac-Conkey agar, respectively. The plates were incubated in aerobic conditions at 37 °C for 24 h. After this period, one colony of each morphotype was transferred onto the tryptone soy agar and re-incubated for 24 h at 37 °C in order to obtain a fresh culture ready for identification. The identification of the bacteria isolates was performed using Gram stain and ID32E, ID32GN, ID32STAPH, and ID32STREP (bioMérieux, Craponne, France). Filamentous levura (fungi/yeasts) were identified on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic features using the primary cultures onto a Sabouraud Chloramphenicol Agar. The yeasts were identified by biochemical tests using ID32C strips (bioMérieux, France) [22 ,54 ].
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2

Comprehensive Microbial Analysis of Peritoneal Dialysis Effluent

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At the central laboratory, 50 ml of PDE was centrifuged at 3500g for 15 minutes, discarding the supernatants. The remaining solution (about 5 ml) was mixed up with pellet and injected into Bactec Plus Aerobic/F vial (Dun Laoghaire, Ireland) and was also spread onto several agar plates, including blood agar, MacConkey agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom), and Chocolate agar (Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom) for 7 days at 37 °C for bacterial culture. For fungal culture, the pellet from another 50 ml of centrifuged PDE was streaked on Sabouraud dextrose agar, blood agar (Oxoid), and specific agar plates (as needed) then incubated at 25 °C and 37 °C for 15 to 30 days. Bacterial pathogens were identified by Gram stain and Vitek MS system (bioMérieux, USA),7 (link) whereas fungi were identified by API20c AUX kit (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) based on biochemical reactions and stained by Lactophenol Cotton Blue technique to classify mold-form fungi based on the morphology of their sexual spores and conidia. To exclude coincidental infection with Mycobacterium organisms, the pellet from an additional 50 ml PDE was inoculated in Ogawa medium slants and BACTEC MGIT 960 media for 2 months.8 (link)
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