Male c57bl 6 mice

Male C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks old) weighting 20–25 g were obtained from the Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center (Shanghai, China). The animals were maintained in a temperature and humidity controlled environment with a 12:12-h light/dark cycle. Feed and water were available ad libitum. All animal experimental and surgical procedures were strictly performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

Male C57BL/6 mice (6–7 weeks old, 20–22 g) were obtained from Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center. All animal experiments were approved by the Shanghai Animal Care and Use Committee (Certificate No. SCXK [Shanghai] 2002-0010). Fifty-five mice were divided into 11 groups (n = 5 mice each). Each group received different treatments as defined in Figure 7. Blood and liver tissues were collected and stored at −80 °C until use. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) were measured by an automatic HITACHI Clinical Analyzer Model 7080 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).

Male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks) provided by Shanghai Experimental Animal Center (Shanghai, China) were housed under Specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. All animal protocols in this study were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Zhejiang University School of Medicine. In xenograft studies, 5 × 10⁵ KPC cells were subcutaneously or orthotopically injected. Following this, xenograft tumors were assessed at three-day intervals. When the tumor volume reached approximately 30 mm³, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with PD-L1 antibody (200 µg, Bio X Cell) or PD-1 antibody (100 µg, Bio X Cell) once every three days or orally administered capmatinib daily (with 0.5 % methylcellulose and 5 % dimethyl acetamide) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The tumor volume was determined as follows: (length × width²)/2. After two weeks of treatment, the mice underwent CO₂ inhalation for euthanasia, and tumor specimens were collected.

Male C57BL/6 mice (8–12 weeks old, 22–25 g), were purchased from Shanghai Experimental Animal Center of China. Mice were housed in specific pathogen-free rooms, which maintained a light/dark cycle for 12 h with controlled air temperature (22–26 °C) and relative humidity (60–65%). Mice had free access to water and food. This study was authorized by the Animal Studies Ethics Committee of Wenzhou Medical University and was implemented in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. The sepsis-associated acute lung injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (15 mg/kg) (or an equal volume of saline for the control group) according to our previous experiments [23 (link)].

Male C57BL/6 mice weighting 18–20 g, Specific-Pathogen-Free (SPF) level, were obtained from Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). All mice were housed under controlled temperature (22°C), humidity (55%), and lighting (12-h artificial light and dark cycle), with free access to tap water and mouse chow. The standard diet pellets contained not less than 20% protein, 5% fibers, 3.5% fats, and 6.5% ash and vitamins mixture. All the animal experiments were approved by the Committee on the Care and Use of Live Animals for Teaching and Research of the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Approval Number: SZY201710014), and the procedures were performed according to the guideline of this committee.