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314 protocols using biograph mct

1

Multimodal Imaging of Tau and Amyloid-beta in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Tau PET imaging involved the intravenous administration of 185 MBq (±10%) 18F-MK6240 with a 20-min acquisition time commencing 90 min post-injection. Aβ PET imaging involved the intravenous administration of 200 MBq (±10%) 18F-NAV4694 with a 20-min acquisition commencing 50 min post-injection. PET scans were acquired on one of two scanners: Philips TF64 PET/CT or a Siemens Biograph mCT. Philips TF64 PET/CT scans (n = 76) were reconstructed using LOR 3D Ramla algorithm and the smoothing parameter was set as sharp. Siemens Biograph mCT scans (n = 75) were reconstructed using an OSEM-3D with 4 iterations and 12 subsets. Low dose CT was obtained for attenuation correction. All participants had a structural 3T MRI on a Siemens Skyra scanner to obtain high-resolution T1 weighted anatomical magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequences.
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2

PET/CT Imaging Protocol for FDG Uptake Quantification

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PET/CT scan was performed as previously reported [17 (link)]. Patients fasted for 6 h, had glucose blood levels < 200 mg/dl before [18F]FDG injection and were hydrated with 500 ml of saline solution. PET/CT images were acquired on a hybrid scanner (Gemini GXL, Philips Medical System, or Biograph mCT Siemens Medical Solutions) at 60 ± 10 min after [18F]FDG injection (120–330 MBq according to body weight). Low-dose CT scan (120 keV, 40–50 mAs) was acquired from skull base to the mid thighs for anatomical localization and attenuation correction. All PET images were acquired (2.5–3 min/bed position) in the range defined by CT. For the Siemens Biograph mCT, 3D OSEM reconstruction with PSF modelling/TOF (2 iterations and 21 subsets, voxel size of 3.2 × 3.2 × 5 mm3) was applied; the kernel of the Gaussian filter was 2.0 mm. For the Philips Gemini GXL, LOR RAMLA reconstruction (2 iterations and 24 subsets, voxel size: 4 × 4 × 4 mm3) was applied; the kernel of the Gaussian filter was 5.0 mm [24 (link)].
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3

PET/CT Imaging Protocol for Hybrid Scanners

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PET/CT was performed on a hybrid scanner (Gemini GXL, Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland, Ohio; or Biograph mCT, Siemens Medical Solution, Erlangen, Germany). Low-dose CT scan (120 keV, 80 mA tube current) was acquired for anatomical localization and attenuation correction. For the Siemens Biograph mCT, 3D OSEM reconstruction with PSF modeling/TOF (2 iterations and 21 subsets, voxel size of 3.2 × 3.2 × 5 mm3) was applied. For the Philips Gemini GXL, LOR RAMLA reconstruction (2 iterations and 24 subsets, voxel size: 4 × 4 × 4 mm3) was applied.
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4

Comparative Evaluation of PET/CT Scanners

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In this study, non-time of flight (TOF) 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were performed using a whole-body PET/CT scanner (Biograph mCT, Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) and a regular PET/CT scanner (Biogragh 16 HR, Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany). Before 18F-FDG administration, all the patients received glucose level test and the blood glucose levels should be less than 140 mg/dL. Then, patients fasted for at least 6 h before the injection of 18F-FDG (7.4 MBq/kg) and image acquisition was started 1 hour afterward.
For Siemens Biograph mCT PET/CT scanner, a spiral CT scan with a standardized protocol including 120 kV, 140 mA, and a 3-mm slice thickness was conducted followed by a PET scan. And then, for PET scanning, the acquisition time was 3 minutes per bed position and PET image datasets were reconstructed iteratively with CT data for attenuation correction. While for Siemens biograph 16HR PET/CT scanning, CT scanning was first acquired using a low-dose technique (120 kV, 140 mA, 5 mm slice thickness), and PET scan was obtained immediately after the CT scan (2–3 minutes/bed) with gaussian-filter iterative reconstruction method (iterations 4; subsets 8; image size 168).
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5

90Y Activity Measurement Protocols

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For the two centers (GH and IRST) using the Siemens Biograph mCT and Siemens Biograph mCT Flow system, accurate activity concentration measurements of the 90Y radionuclidic solution were performed on-site using the ENEA-INMRI portable TDCR. The TDCR method is a primary absolute activity measurement technique specially developed for pure beta- and pure EC-emitters’ activity determination [22 (link)]. The activity concentration of the stock 90Y solution was determined with an uncertainty of ±1% (at k = 1 level). For the center SMG, the activity concentration of the stock 90Y solution was measured using the on-site dose calibrator, traceable to a primary standard. In this case, activity concentration measurements were performed with an accuracy within ±2.5% (at k = 1 level).
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6

Whole-Body PET/CT Imaging Protocol

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Whole body scanning was performed by using a whole body PET/CT scanner (Biograph mCT; Siemens). All patients received an intravenous injection of 3.7 MBq/kg of 18F-FDG after fasting at least 6 hours and resting for 1 hour. The mean uptake time was 50 ± 6 minutes. Blood glucose measurements were obtained in all patients before the administration of 18F-FDG and were less than140 mg/dL at the time of injection.
CT was performed on the 64-slice CT (Biograph mCT; Siemens) without contrast administration. A standardized protocol was followed, involving120 kV, 140 mA, and a section thickness of 5.0 mm, which was matched to the section thickness of the PET images. PET image datasets were reconstructed iteratively with CT data for attenuation correction.
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7

In Vivo PET Imaging of Bone Infections

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11C-Rifampin was synthesized as a sterile, pyrogen-free solution of high specific activity (595.87 ± 158.15 GBq/μmol) and high radio-chemical purity at the Johns Hopkins PET Radiotracer Center using Current Good Manufacturing Practices and used per the U.S. FDA Radioactive Drug Research Committee program guidelines (41 ). Three patients with microbiologically confirmed S. aureus bone infections were prospectively recruited between February and December 2020. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients, and deidentified images are presented. The eligibility criteria are outlined in table S1. The subject received an intravenous bolus of 707.4 ± 43.7 MBq of 11C-rifampin followed immediately by a dynamic PET/CT for 60 to 90 min (Biograph mCT, Siemens) using a multi-bed dynamic protocol. The study team had no role in the diagnosis or clinical management of the patients. There was no external data and safety monitoring board.
Dynamic PET/CT (Biograph mCT, Siemens) data from 12 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB from a previous study (38 (link)) were used to measure bone penetration at various anatomic sites. All patients had a physical exam before imaging by a trained physician, and no findings related to the musculoskeletal system were noted.
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8

PET/CT Imaging Protocol for 18F-FDG Brain Scans

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PET/CT data acquisition was performed on a Siemens Biograph™ mCT or Vision scanner according to the guidelines of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) [45] . The PET acquisition was started approximately 30 min after injection of 200 MBq of 18 F-FDG. The PET emission study (20 min, one bed position) followed immediately the CT study used for attenuation correction. Ultra-law dose brain CT imaging was performed under standard conditions (120 kVp, 20 mAs, 128 × 0.6 collimation, a pitch of 1 and 1 s per rotation).
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9

Automated Quantification of Amyloid-PET

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Participants received a bolus injection of 185 MBq (range 104.25–218.3 MBq, mean ± SD 191.75 ± 14.04 MBq) of [18F]flutemetamol. Scans were acquired 90 min post-injection on a Siemens Biograph mCT. PET data were reconstructed into 4 frames of 5 min after correcting for radioactive decay, dead time, attenuation, and scatter. Global Standard Uptake Values ratios (SUVRs) were calculated in MNI space using the target region provided in the GAAIN website (www.gaain.org) using the whole cerebellum as reference region and converted to Centiloids units using a previously validated equation [30 (link)]. Regional SUVRs (reference: whole cerebellum) were extracted on the frontal, precuneus/posterior cingulate (PCPCC), lateral–parietal, and lateral temporal cortices, as well as in the striatum using the Desikan Killiany atlas [31 (link)] and converted to regional Centiloids units using the global conversion equation [32 (link)].
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10

Mass Density Measurement via CT Hounsfield Units

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Mass density was calculated via gross measurement of mass and volume as well as using a conversion from CT Hounsfield units (HUs). A CT scan was acquired using 120 kVp, using a standard clinical CT scanner (Biograph mCT, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). A calibration curve to convert between HUs and mass and electron density was obtained using a CT of a calibration phantom (Electron Density Phantom Model 062, CIRS, Norfolk Virginia) with the same acquisition settings. Hounsfield units of the polymeric gel materials and phantom inserts were measured in the central axial CT slice using a 1 × 1 cm2 region of interest.
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