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13 protocols using bbl campy pouch system

1

H. pylori Infection in AGS Cells

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The human gastric epithelial AGS cells (gastric adenocarcinoma, ATCC CRL 1739; American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, MD, USA) were grown as described previously [18 (link)]. H. pylori cells (NCTC 11637, American Type Culture Collection) were grown on chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, MD, USA) at 37°C, under microaerophilic conditions, using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch® System; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). The H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 expresses the proteins of CagA, VacA, cytotoxin and urease [19 (link)].
AGS cells were seeded overnight to reach 80% confluency. The H. pylori was harvested and suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, and then added to the AGS cell culture at a 50 : 1 ratio of bacterium : AGS cells. AGS cells (1.0 × 105/mL) were pre-treated with 5 or 10 μM β-carotene (dissolved in tetrahydrofuran [17 ]) for 2 hours prior to the addition of the H. pylori. The infected cells were incubated for an additional 6 hours for determination of the levels of p-GSK3β, GSK3β, and β-catenin or 24 hours for determination of cell viability and the levels of c-myc and cyclin E) in the presence of H. pylori. The 5 and 10 μM β-carotene concentrations used in the pre-treatment are reportedly nontoxic [20 (link),21 (link)].
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2

Helicobacter pylori Strain Cultivation

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H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 was obtained from ATCC, and the bacterial cells were grown on chocolate agar plates (Becton-Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) at 37 °C under microaerophilic conditions using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch® System, Becton-Dickinson Microbiology Systems). H. pylori was incubated overnight in a humidified CO2 incubator before inoculation. Subsequently, H. pylori was collected from the plates, suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, and added to the cell culture at a cell/bacterium ratio of 1:100.
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3

Cultivation of Virulent H. pylori Strain

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H. pylori, strain NCTC 11637, was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD). The genotype of this bacterium is cagA+ and vacA+ and was inoculated on chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, MD, USA) at 37°C under microaerophilic conditions using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems) [28 ].
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4

Cytotoxic H. pylori Infection Assay

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Experiments were performed with the cytotoxic (CagA+/VacA+) reference strain of H. pylori 26695 (ATCC). H. pylori was grown under microaerophilic conditions on Columbia agar plates (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) containing 100 U/ml H. pylori selective supplement (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) at 37°C in an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch System; Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, San Diego, CA) for 48-72 h. The cells were harvested and resuspended in antibiotic-free RPMI-1640 medium (Invitrogen) supplemented with 2% fetal calf serum (Sigma-Aldrich). The bacterial densities were adjusted by optical density (OD) measurements at 660 nm, in which 1 OD660 = 1×108 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml. H. pylori was then incubated with GES-1, AGS, or SGC7901 cells at a bacteria/cell ratio of 100:1 in culture medium for the required times.
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5

Infecting AGS Cells with H. pylori

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The H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. The bacterial cells were grown on chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysvile, MD, USA) at 37 °C, under microaerophilic conditions, using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch® System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). AGS cells were cultured and seeded overnight to reach 80% confluency. The H. pylori was harvested from chocolate agar plates, suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and then added to the AGS cell culture at a cellular ratio of 50:1.
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6

Co-culture of H. pylori and AGS Cells

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H. pylori, strain NCTC 11637, was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. The bacterium was grown under microaerophilic conditions at 37 °C, using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA).
AGS cells were seeded and cultured overnight to reach 80% confluency. Prior to H. pylori infection, the cells were washed once with culture medium containing no antibiotics. Whole H. pylori was suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and then treated to the AGS cells. The ratio of AGS cell: H. pylori was 1:100. The ratio of AGS cell: H. pylori, 1:100, was adapted from our previous study showing high expression of IL-8 in gastric epithelial AGS cells infected with H. pylori, NCTC11637 [30 (link)].
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7

Culturing Helicobacter pylori on Chocolate Agar

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All experiments were performed with H. pylori, cag A positive strain 60190 (ATCC 49503). Chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysvile, MD, USA) were used to grow the bacteria at 37 °C under microaerophilic conditions using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch® System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA).
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8

H. pylori Infection of AGS Cells

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H. pylori, strain NCTC (National Collection of Type Cultures) 11637 (cag A-positive, vac A-positive strain), was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. The bacterium was inoculated onto chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysvile, MD, USA) at 37 °C under microaerophilic conditions using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). AGS cells were cultured overnight to reach 80% confluency. Whole H. pylori was harvested from the chocolate agar plates, suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and then used to treat AGS cells. AGS cells were cultured in the presence of H. pylori at a cell to a H. pylori ratio of 1:50 (at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 50).
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9

H. pylori Infection of AGS Cells

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The H. pylori NCTC 11637 used in this study was a cagA- and vacA-positive standard strain [24 (link)]. It was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and inoculated on chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, MD, USA) in an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) at 37 °C under microaerophilic conditions.
AGS cells were seeded and cultured overnight to reach 80% confluency. Prior to H. pylori infection, the cells were washed with antibiotic-free culture medium. H. pylori cells were harvested from the chocolate agar plates, suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and then added to the AGS cells.
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10

Helicobacter pylori Infection Model in AGS Cells

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The H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 was obtained from ATCC. The bacterial cells were grown on chocolate agar plates (Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Cockeysvile, MD, USA) at 37 °C, under microaerophilic conditions, using an anaerobic chamber (BBL Campy Pouch® System, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). AGS cells were seeded and cultured overnight to reach 80% confluency. The H. pylori was harvested from the plates, suspended in antibiotic-free RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and then added to the AGS cell culture at a cellular ratio of 50:1. AGS cells (1.5 × 105/mL) were pretreated with 5 μM ASTX or the control vehicle DMSO for 3 h prior to H. pylori stimulation. The cells were then incubated with H. pylori for 1 h (for preparation of RNA extracts and for determination of mRNA gene expressions).
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