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Quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer

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The Quadrupole time-of-flight (qTOF) mass spectrometer is a type of mass spectrometer that combines a quadrupole mass analyzer with a time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzer. It is a versatile instrument used for the analysis of a wide range of chemical compounds, including small molecules, peptides, and proteins. The core function of the qTOF mass spectrometer is to separate and detect ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio, providing accurate mass measurements and high-resolution data.

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7 protocols using quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer

1

Analytical Techniques for Compound Characterization

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Ethanol (Wako), acetonitrile (Wako), mEthanol (Wako), sulfuric acid (Wako), acetone (Wako), trifluoroacetate (Tokyo Chemical Industry), dimethyl sulfoxide (Wako), MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), LPS and Griess reagent were all purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). An ELx 800 Universal Microplate Reader (BIO-TEK), VD-250R Freeze Dryer (TAITEC), US-105 Sonicator (SND), 5420 Centrifuge (IMOTO), R-300 Rotavapor (BUCHI), V-300 Vacuum Pump (BUCHI), High Performance Flash Chromatography (HPFC) system (Biotage AB), Medium Pressure Liquid Chromatography (MPLC) system (EPCLC, Yamazen), Preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (PHPLC) system (EPCLC, Yamazen), 1220 Infinity LC (Agilent Technologies), NMR spectrometer (Bruker DRX-600; Bruker Daltonics, Billerica MA, USA), Quadrupole time-of-flight (qTOF) mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, USA) and JASCO DIP-370 polarimeter (JASCO, Tokyo, Japan) were used.
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2

Analytical Characterization of PS80 and MT S-Trimer

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LC-MS analyses of PS80 and MT S-Trimer sample were performed by an Agilent 1290 ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatograph (UHPLC) coupled to an Agilent quadrupole-time of flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer via an electrospray ionization source (ESI) with JetStream technology. The separation was performed by flow injection using isocratic flow of a solvent composed of 0.1% formic acid in 60% acetonitrile and 40% water. The flow rate was set at 0.2 ml/min for 0.5 min. Mass spectra were recorded in the positive ionization mode over a mass range from m/z 100 to 1,500. The scan parameters were capillary voltage of 4.0 kV and fragmentor voltage of 135 V. The nitrogen pressure and flow rate on the nebulizer were 40 lb/in2 and 5 liters/min, respectively. Other ion source parameters included drying gas temperature of 325°C, sheath gas temperature of 350°C, and sheath gas flow rate of 10 liters/min.
The relative quantitation for oleic acid and linoleic acid was performed by a Thermo Vanquish UHPLC coupled to a Thermo Q Exactive HF-X hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The chromatographic separation was performed using a Waters CSH C18 column (2.1 by 100 mm; 1.7 μm) and maintained at 40°C. The separation was performed using isocratic flow of a solvent composed of 90% acetonitrile, 10% water, and 2 mM ammonium acetate.
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3

Electrochemical Simulation of C-1305 Metabolism

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The simulation of the oxidative metabolism of C-1305 was accomplished in an amperometric electrochemical thin-layer cell equipped with a disc glassy carbon (GC) working electrode (φ = 8 mm; A = 0.502 cm2) and a Pd/H2 reference electrode (reactor cell; Antec Leyden, Zoeterwoude, the Netherlands). Carbon-loaded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) served as auxiliary electrode. The cell potentials were applied using a ROXY EC System (Antec Leyden). All potentials mentioned in this work were based on the reference electrode. The software used for controlling EC was Dialogue (Antec Leyden).
The outlet of the electrochemical cell was interfaced into an ESI source of a quadrupole-time of flight (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) inlet for on-line EC/MS analysis using PEEK tubing. For controlling the MS, MassHunter software (Agilent Technology) was used. The electrochemically generated oxidation products were also off-line injected onto the LC column, separated, and detected by ESI-MS. LC separations were performed with Waters Associates HPLC system (Waters Co., Milford, MA, USA). It was equipped with a model 600 E system controller, a model 7725i Rheodyne injector, and a model 2996 photodiode array detector (DAD) controlled with Millennium software (Waters Co.).
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4

Analytical Characterization of Compounds

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Optical rotations were determined using a Jasco P-2200 polarimeter (Jasco, Tokyo, Japan). The NMR spectra of the isolated compounds were recorded using a Bruker DRX-600 spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Billerica MA, USA) with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. The chemical shifts were expressed as δ values. The HR-MS of the compounds was determined using a quadrupole time-of-flight (qTOF) mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, USA). FT-IR measurements of samples were obtained using an FTIR-620 spectrophotometer (JASCO International, Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan).
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5

Silica Gel Chromatography Characterization

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All reactions were carried out in an anhydrous
solvent and commercially available reagents were used as received
unless otherwise stated. Analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC)
was performed on precoated aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F254 plates (EMD Millipore, 200 μm thickness). TLC plates were
visualized with ultraviolet light and treated with KMnO4 or vanillin stains followed by heating. Flash column chromatography
was performed using a Tsingtao silica gel (200–300). 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance
DRX-400 spectrometer; chemical shifts (δ) are given in ppm and
calibrated using the signal of a residual undeuterated solvent as
an internal reference (CDCl3: δH = 7.26
ppm and δC = 77.16 ppm). Data for 1H NMR
and 13C NMR are reported as follows: chemical shift (δ,
ppm), multiplicity, integration, and coupling constant (Hz). Compounds
for high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) were analyzed by positive
mode electrospray ionization (ESI) using an Agilent quadrupole time-of-flight
(QTOF) mass spectrometer.
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6

Mapping Epitopes of Recombinant Ricin A Chain by Monoclonal Antibodies

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HX-MS experiments were conducted using a LEAP H/D-X PAL system (Carrboro, NC) and a quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). HX-MS workflow and data processing for mapping epitopes of recombinant RTA by mAbs were carried out as described previously (13 (link)). For reasons of safety, HX-MS was conducted on a recombinant version of RTA carrying two attenuating point mutations (V76M and Y80A) (19 (link)). In brief, regions of RTA that exhibited significantly slower (protection) or faster (deprotection) HX in the presence of mAbs were identified using a combination of k-means clustering and significance testing based on time-averaged HX measurements, ΔHX¯ , quantifying the difference between the mAb/RiVax complex and unbound recombinant RTA. Unlike in the previous work, in this study, the results are filtered for solvent accessibility of the RTA residues (R Toth IV, S.K. Angalakurthi, N.J. Mantis, and D. Weis, manuscript in preparation). The k-means clustering was used to classify the effect of the mAb on the HX of RiVax from strongly protected to deprotected. Protected regions were used to define the epitopes. All epitopes identified in this study will be submitted to the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and Analysis Resource (http://www.iedb.org) (20 (link)).
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7

Protein Molar Mass Determination by ESI-MS

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Protein molar masses were determined by ESI-MS on a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Agilent) as previously described [25 (link)].
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