used in the synthetic procedure and device fabrication were of analytical
grade and used without further purification. Zinc chloride (Merck),
ethyl cellulose (Himedia), 4-tert-butylpyridine (Himedia),
chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (Sigma-Aldrich), ammonium hydroxide
(Merck), iodine (Merck), lithium iodide (Sigma-Aldrich), acetonitrile
(HPLC grade, Merck), dichloromethane (DCM, Merck), valeronitrile (Sigma-Aldrich),
terpineol (Himedia), hydrogen chloride (Merck), 1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium
iodide (Sigma-Aldrich), and ethanol (TEDIA, USA) are used. Fluorine-doped tin oxide
(FTO, sheet resistance 12–14 Ω cm–2)-coated glass substrates were procured from Sigma-Aldrich. The water
used for the experiments is Milli-Q water (18.2 MΩ cm–2). All of the chemicals reagents used during the synthesis of dye