Milli q academic system

Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) hydrate, sodium borohydride, 4,4-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid (BPA-valeric acid), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), thimerosal, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), bovine serum albumin (BSA), biotin, avidin-horseradish peroxidase (HRP), 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), and Tween-20 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sydney, Australia). Absolute ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH), dimethylformamide (DMF), tri-sodium citrate, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide were obtained from Ajax Finechem (Sydney, Australia). Soybean protein (SBP) was purchased from Nature’s Way (Sydney, Australia). For the preparation of buffers, chemicals used were sourced from either BDH Chemicals (Melbourne, Australia) or Ajax Finechem (Sydney, Australia). Maxisorp polystyrene 96-well plates were obtained from Nunc (Roskilde, Denmark). Deionized water was prepared from a Millipore Milli-Q Academic system (18.2 MΩ·cm). Reverse osmosis (RO) water (17.6 MΩ·cm) of 99.0% purity was sourced from Sartorius Arium 61316/611VF. The preparation of cysteamine-BPA-valerate (cysBPAv), AuNP, the rabbit anti-BPA antibody (Ab-BPA-V2#4), and the conjugation of an antibody and biotin (Ab-BPA-V2#4-biotin) were described in the previous publications [12 (link),17 (link),18 (link)].

QCS (Z05170722) was supplied by Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. It consisted of the following herbs: Radix Notoginseng, Indigo Naturalis, Gallnut, Herba Portulacae and borneol, in a ratio of 2:2:5:5:1. Sulfasalazine Suppository (SASP) is a yellow suppository which was made of 0.5 g sulfasalazine with fatty matrix. SASP was purchased from Shanxi Tongda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Shanxi, China). Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 36,000–50,000) was purchased from MP Biologicals (Santa Ana, CA, USA). Indirubin, Notoginsenoside R1, Ginsenoside Rg1, Ginsenoside Rb1, Ginsenoside Re, and Luteolin were purchased from the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Shanghai, China). Kaempferol, Quercetin, Gallic acid, α-Linolenic acid, and Methyl gallate were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co. Ltd. HPLC grade acetonitrile was obtained from Fisher (Geel, Belgium) and HPLC grade formic acid from ANPEL Laboratory Technologies (Shanghai, China). Water was purified using a Milli-Q Academic System (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).

Poly(ε-caprolactone) (average M_W ≈ 14,000 determined by gel permeation chromatography) and Gemcitabine hydrochloride (C₉H₁₂ClF₂N₃O₄) were obtained from Merck KGaA (Gernsheim, Germany). All other chemicals were of analytical grade from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain), except for Kolliphor^® P-188 (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and dichloromethane (Scharlab, S.L., Barcelona, Spain). Water used was previously deionized and filtered (Milli-Q Academic System, Millipore, Madrid, Spain).

HAR with purity of >98.0% was isolated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from seeds of P. harmala and then identified by mass spectrometric (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in our laboratory [56 (link)]. MEM hydrochloride (purity ≥ 98.0%) was isolated from Source Leaf Creature (Shanghai, China). HOL (purity ≥ 98.0%) was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Tacrine and heparin sodium were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). HPLC grade methanol and formic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific Co. (Santa Clara. CA, USA). Ultrapure water was obtained using a Milli-Q Academic System (Millipore, Corp., Billerica, MA, USA). All other reagents and solvents were of either analytical or HPLC grade. Drug-free rat plasma containing heparin as anticoagulant was collected from adult healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Chengdu Must Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Chengdu, China) supplied all the reference standards, namely, bergapten, imperatorin, notopterol, isoimperatorin, and internal standard (IS) osthole. Acetonitrile and methanol of HPLC-grade, ethyl acetate, and formic acid were obtained from Tianjin Concord Science Co. Ltd. (Tianjin, China). A Milli-Q Academic system (Millipore, Milford, MA, USA) was used in purifying deionized water used for the HPLC mobile phase.

Analytical standards (purity > 98%) of GnRH and l-LHRH-III were purchased from GeneCust (Chalmont, France). Stock solutions were prepared with a concentration of 1000 ng/mL using methanol and were stored at − 20 °C until use. Further dilutions were obtained in 0.1% formic acid in water using plastic vials in order to avoid adsorption. All aqueous solutions were prepared with HPLC-grade water from a Milli-QAcademic System (Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA). Acetonitrile hyper-grade for LC–MS, formic acid, and TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) were purchased from VWR International (Radnor, PA, USA); acetic acid and SigMatrix Serum Diluent were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Human plasma samples were provided by “Centro Produzione e Validazione Emocomponenti (C.P.V.E.) SC Banca del Sangue, Città della Salute e della Scienza” Torino, Italy. The fresh human plasma refrigerated was maintained at the temperature of + 4 °C until use. We employed ten different lots of human plasma refrigerated, previously analyzed to detect traces of GnRH. Each lot was used for the validation protocol only in the case of undetectable GnRH (< LLOQ, vedi infra).

Paliperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone-D4 (paliperidone-D4), donepezil hydrochloride, and memantine hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Stockholm, Sweden), and indomethacin was purchased from Fluka (Stockholm, Sweden). Diazepam was obtained from Apotek Produktion & Laboratorier AB (Stockholm, Sweden). Donepezil-D5 hydrochloride and memantine-D6 hydrochloride were purchased from Bio-Techne (Abingdon, United Kingdom), diazepam-D5 from Cerilliant (Round Rock, TX, USA) and indomethacin-D7 from Clearsynth (Budapest, Hungary). Acetonitrile and formic acid were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All other chemicals and reagents used in experiments were of analytical grade. The water used was deionized in-house and purified with a Milli-Q Academic system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).