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Aquilon one

Manufactured by Toshiba
Sourced in Japan, United Kingdom

The Aquilon ONE is a versatile laboratory equipment designed for precise temperature control and monitoring. It functions as a temperature-controlled incubator, capable of maintaining a stable and consistent temperature environment for various applications.

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9 protocols using aquilon one

1

Multimodal Imaging for Skull Geometry and Treatment Visualization

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All animals were imaged in an x-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner (Aquilon ONE, Toshiba America Medical Systems, Inc., Tustin, California). The field of view was adjusted slightly based on the animal size and was reconstructed using a 512x 512 image matrix, resulting in voxel dimensions that varied slightly between animals but were at most 0.35 x 0.35 x 1 mm3. The CT images were captured to allow better visualization of the skull geometry and porosity to anticipate potential issues with sound transmission during the treatments.
The MRI parameters used are summarized in Table 1. All treatments were performed under MRI-guidance at 3T (Signa MR750, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin). Baseline T1 and T2 weighted images were obtained and are shown for group 1 in Fig.3. Contrast-enhanced (CE) T1 weighted imaging (0.1 ml/kg Gadovist) was used to assess the integrity of the BBB post-treatment, and post-treatment T2 and T2* images were used to identify edema or hemorrhage. Follow-up MR imaging was performed one week following the final treatment, using CE-T1, T2 and T2* weighted imaging. The follow-up imaging was performed on the same MRI scanner used during the treatments, except in one case where the system was unavailable and an alternate 3T platform was used (MAGNETOM Prisma, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany).
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2

Aortic Aneurysm Surveillance: Imaging Protocols

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Study participants were fully assessed at baseline within 6 weeks of abdominal ultrasound screening, including computed tomography (CT) angiography (CTA). CTA was performed using a 320 multidetector (Aquilon ONE; Toshiba, Edinburgh, United Kingdom) or 64 slice multidetector CT scanner (Brilliance 64; Philips, Glasgow, United Kingdom). Serial maximum anteroposterior diameters from ultrasound were obtained every 6 months in the research clinic for at least 24 months, as described previously. 29 (link) Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the infrarenal aorta were created using medical segmentation software (3D slicer). Geometries excluded branching arteries (eg, celiac and mesenteric arteries) and were truncated distally to the aortic bifurcation (Figure 1A).
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3

Comprehensive Aortic Assessment Protocol

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Within six weeks of the initial screening ultrasound, participants underwent full clinical assessment, including blood pressure (BP) measurement, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography angiography (CTA). Patients were then reviewed every six months for a minimum of 24 months. The full protocol is available elsewhere. 25 Briefly, patients were imaged using a 3T Siemens Magnetom Verio MRI scanner using a respiratory gated, T2 weighted turbo spin echo sequence (TR/TE 2500/252 ms; matrix 365 Â 384; field of view 300 Â 400 mm; slice width 5 mm) acquired with and without Spectral Attenuated Inversion Recovery fat suppression in order to allow segmentation of aortic wall. CTA was performed using a 320 multidetector (Aquilon ONE; Toshiba, Edinburgh, UK) or 64 slice multidetector CT scanner (Brilliance 64; Philips, Glasgow, UK).
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4

Quantifying COVID-19 Lung Involvement

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Non-contrast high resolution CT Thorax was performed on D83 using a multidetector CT scanner (Toshiba Aquilon One). Images were reconstructed with a 1 mm slice thickness and both soft tissue and lung kernels. Two radiologists (NS, NW) independently scored the CT scans on the extent of involvement using an established semi quantitative scoring system used for COVID-19 proposed by Pan et al. [9 (link)]. Each lobe was scored for the extent of anatomic involvement as follows: 0 (no involvement), 1 (<5%), 2 (5–25%), 3 (26–50%), 4 (51–75%), 5 (>75%). The sum of each lobe then produced a total CT extent score (0-25). Additionally, the presence or absence of features which could represent ‘fibrotic-like changes’ (parenchymal bands, traction bronchiectasis, honeycombing and/or distorted interfaces) was recorded.
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5

Dynamic Aortic Geometry Modeling

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The tomographic dataset was acquired with a 320-detector scanner (Toshiba Aquilon One, Toshiba, Japan). The ECG-gated cardiac CT scans were performed in one cardiac cycle, a total of 10 ECG-gated phases were acquired. The chosen phases were taken within the ECG R-R interval with a fixed time step of 78 ms. In this way, it was possible to sample the aortic phases with a 10% resolution. The segmentation process was performed with the functions provided by the VMTK package (Vascular Modeling Toolkit, www.vmtk.org). In particular, a threshold algorithm with the same threshold level was imposed for all the phases. Three-dimensional geometrical models of ascending aorta, arch, and supra-aortic vessels were generated for each cardiac phase. The segmented models were exported as stereolithography (STL) file format for accomplishing the numerical simulation setup.
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6

Quantitative Evaluation of Temporal Bone Anatomy

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High-resolution images were obtained with either a 4–detector row computed
tomography (CT) scanner (0.5-mm width, 120 kV, 200 mA; Toshiba Aquilon 16) or a
320–detector row CT scanner (0.5-mm width, 120 kV, 100 mA; Toshiba Aquilon ONE),
with reconstruction spacing of 0.1 mm. Evaluation of images was performed by 3
otologists at a GE Medical Systems Advantage Workstation, and measurements were
made with images enlarged 10 times by using the hospital picture archiving and
communication system.
The appearance of the semicircular canals (SCCs) was determined (normal,
dysplastic, or aplastic). For the vestibule, the greatest craniocaudal
(A), transverse (B), and anteroposterior
(C) diameters were measured and approximate volume
mathematically computed with the formula for ellipsoid volume: 4/3π×
(A/2) × (B/2) × (C/2).
The volumes were compared with age-matched vestibule volumes of pediatric
patients with normal hearing, vestibular testing, and CT imaging findings.
Cochlear malformations were classified according to the latest classification system.7 (link)
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7

Quantifying Coronary Artery Stenosis

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CCTA was performed on a 64-slice scanner (GE Discovery VCT; GE Healthcare) (up to January 2013) or a 320-slice scanner (Aquilon one, Toshiba). Stenosis severity was measured on multiplanar reformatted images using an automatic interactive program to quantify coronary luminal narrowing [18] . Obstructive CAD was defined by the presence of ≥70% luminal diameter reduction in the epicardial coronary arteries or ≥ 50% in the LMC.
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8

Cardiac CT Imaging for Atherosclerosis Assessment

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Each participant underwent a cardiac CT using the Toshiba Aquilon One, 320-row detector CT scanner (Tokyo, Japan) as part of the PACE protocol for quantification of the burden of coronary atherosclerosis and calcification. The study protocol minimized radiation to 5–7 Millisievert (mSv). Minimal dose of non-ionic, low osmolar contrast was also given to the participants without a contraindication to intravenous contrast. A single prospective ECG-triggered acquisition was acquired in mid-diastole within one R to R interval of a single heartbeat. After the completion of the scan, a trained cardiologist reviewed the CT images to determine if there was a critical/urgent alert based on clinical judgment. At the request of the investigators, trained radiologists subsequently read independently all CT images to assess for non-cardiac pathologies and submitted a separate report of these findings within a week. To handle critical or urgent alerts, the cardiologist and radiologist were provided with a weekly call schedule including the PACE investigators (BGJ, SMS, TS, JJS) contact information. Further, the PACE investigators had full access to a database containing the participants contact information, emergency contact person and their physicians’ name and contact information.
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9

Aortic Tissue Characterization for aTAA

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An aTAA patient-specific morphology was reconstructed based on CT data. The data were acquired in vivo on a patient harboring an aTAA, just before surgical intervention at the Heart Hospital of Massa. The CT images were obtained with a 320-detector scanner (Toshiba Aquilon One, Toshiba, Japan) by adopting a iodinated contrast medium. The clinical data in the diastolic phase were analyzed through a threshold segmentation algorithm to obtain the aortic morphology including the aTAA section, the supra-aortic branches and the descending aorta.
After assessing the morphology, material properties were defined on the basis of ex vivo tissue characterization. In particular, a tissue sample was collected from the aTAA after the surgical intervention. A square specimen of about 30 × 30 mm was cut in the outer curvature region of the harvested aTAA tissue. The specimen was maintained at room temperature in physiological saline solution and tested 3 h after tissue harvesting. Freezing processes were avoided in order to maintain the microstructure integrity. Biaxial tests were carried out with the OptiMech2 setup (Vignali et al., 2021 (link)). The obtained stress-stretch data from the tests were fitted according to the constitutive model of Equation (15) in order to be implemented in the simulation framework.
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