Stata 11 for windows

The present analysis is based on 2,293 participants (842 male and 1,451 female) for whom all the variables were available. Both STATA 11 for Windows (STATA Co., College Station, TX, USA) and PASW statistics version 18 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) were used as needed. Means and Percentages with 95 % confidence intervals adjusted for age were given for normally distributed continuous variables and categorical variables as needed. Age specific and age standardized prevalence by direct standardization method were estimated on the basis of 2001 census data before performing statistical tests [20 ]. Differences between the groups of means and proportions adjusted for age were tested by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression. Chi-squared test was used to test the trend. In the analysis, general (defined by BMI) and central obesity (defined by WC) were considered as the dependent variable. Socio- demographic and dietary factors were included in the regression analysis to identify variables independently associated with overweight and obesity. In the analysis, only those variables which were identified to be independently associated in univariate analyses were included in multinomial models. Statistical inference is based on 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) and the significance level was set at 0.05.

The calculated sample size was 114, which assumed a 40% prevalence of neuropathy, [14] (link) 0.09 precision and 0.05 significance. Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, where appropriate, were used to explore potential factors related to DPN. Multivariable analysis was performed using Poisson analysis for calculating prevalence ratios. STATA 11 for Windows (Stata Corp, College Station, TX) was used for analysis.

All analyses were performed using the computer software SPSS 21.0J for Windows (IBM SPSS Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and STATA11 for Windows (STATA Corp., College Station, TX, USA).

Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel^®. For the numerical variables, the analysis was done with measures of central tendency. For the categorical variables, the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used, with a significance of less than 0.05 and 95% confidence. A correlation between age and period of analysis was initially performed using the Shapiro–Wilk test; due to the nature of the variables, the Spearman test was applied. The analysis was performed in the data analysis and statistical software Stata 11 for Windows (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, TX, USA)^®.