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Ecat hr scanner

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The ECAT HR+ scanner is a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging system developed by Siemens. It is designed to provide high-resolution imaging of the human body for research and clinical applications. The ECAT HR+ scanner utilizes advanced detector technology to capture detailed images of physiological processes within the body.

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Biograph hirez 16 pet ct, by Siemens (2 mentions) Ge signa, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) 4 ring biograph mct, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Ge discovery mr750, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Ge discovery 710, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Ge discovery mr750, by Siemens (1 mentions) Prisma, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) Biograph pet ct scanner, by Siemens (1 mentions) E7tools, by Siemens (1 mentions) Ge signa pet mr, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions) 3t tim trio, by Siemens (1 mentions) Tim trio, by Siemens (1 mentions)

26 protocols using ecat hr scanner

1

Amyloid Imaging Using [11C]PiB PET

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[11C]PiB is a derivative of a Thioflavin T histological dye for amyloid plaques (Klunk et al. 2003 (link)) that has good brain penetrance and specifically binds to fibrillar amyloid plaques. Up to 15 mCi of [11C]PiB (>2 mCi/nmol) was delivered intravenously via bolus injection (20-30s). PET data were acquired on Siemens ECAT HR+ scanners at both sites. A 6-10 min 68Ge/68Ga transmission scan was acquired for attenuation correction of annihilation radiation. PET data were reconstructed with a filtered back-projection algorithm (Direct Inverse Fourier Transform; DIFT) with sinogram trimming to a voxel size of 2.57 mm × 2.57 mm × 2.43 mm and matrix dimension of 128 × 128 × 63 with corrections for detector deadtime, scanner normalization, photon scatter, and radioactive decay.
PET scans were reoriented along the anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC) line, and inter-frame motion was corrected (AIR version 3.0; Woods et al. 1998 (link)). Standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) images were calculated from data 50-70 min post-injection (McNamee et al. 2009 (link)) with a cerebellar GM reference region drawn in native space (Klunk et al. 2004 (link); Lopresti et al. 2005 (link); Price et al. 2005 (link)).
Lao P.J., Handen B.L., Betthauser T.J., Cody K.A., Cohen A.D., Tudorascu D.L., Stone C.K., Price J.C., Johnson S.C., Klunk W.E, & Christian B.T. (2018). Imaging neurodegeneration in Down syndrome: brain templates for amyloid burden and tissue segmentation. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 13(2), 345-353.
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2

Quantitative PET Imaging of Amyloid Plaques

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[11C]PiB is a derivative of a Thioflavin T histological dye for amyloid plaques (Klunk et al. 2003 (link)) that has good brain penetrance and specifically binds to fibrillar amyloid plaques. Up to 15 mCi of [11C]PiB (>2 mCi/nmol) was delivered intravenously via bolus injection (20-30s). PET data were acquired on Siemens ECAT HR+ scanners at both sites. A 6-10 min 68Ge/68Ga transmission scan was acquired for attenuation correction of annihilation radiation. PET data were reconstructed with a filtered back-projection algorithm (Direct Inverse Fourier Transform; DIFT) with sinogram trimming to a voxel size of 2.57 mm × 2.57 mm × 2.43 mm and matrix dimension of 128 × 128 × 63 with corrections for detector deadtime, scanner normalization, photon scatter, and radioactive decay.
PET scans were reoriented along the anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC) line, and inter-frame motion was corrected (AIR version 3.0; Woods et al. 1998 (link)). Standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) images were calculated from data 50-70 min post-injection (McNamee et al. 2009 (link)) with a cerebellar GM reference region drawn in native space (Klunk et al. 2004 (link); Lopresti et al. 2005 (link); Price et al. 2005 (link)).
Lao P.J., Handen B.L., Betthauser T.J., Cody K.A., Cohen A.D., Tudorascu D.L., Stone C.K., Price J.C., Johnson S.C., Klunk W.E, & Christian B.T. (2018). Imaging neurodegeneration in Down syndrome: brain templates for amyloid burden and tissue segmentation. Brain Imaging and Behavior, 13(2), 345-353.
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3

PET Imaging of 18F-FDG Uptake

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18F-FDG imaging was performed on a Siemens ECAT HR+ scanner (software version 7.2.2) without a neuroshield. Before injection, a 10 minute 68Ge transmission scan was performed; this was segmented and used for attenuation correction. 18F-FDG was administered intravenously with a 185-370 MBq bolus. After a 45-minute uptake period, 18F-FDG-PET images were acquired for 30 minutes (six 5min frames) in 3-dimensional acquisition mode. The scanner room was quiet, and subjects had their eyes open and ears unplugged. The data were corrected for randoms, scatter, dead time, normalization, background, decay and attenuation, reconstructed with OSEM (3 iterations, 16 subsets, 2mm Gaussian filter) with voxel size 2.0594×2.0594×2.425mm, realigned, and summed. The point spread function (PSF) of the HR+ varies across space from about 4.5mm at the center to about 6.8mm at the edge of head (Jan et al., 2005 ); we modeled the PSF using a 6mm isotropic and space-invariant Gaussian kernel. Intensity normalization is described below.
Greve D.N., Salat D.H., Bowen S.L., Izquierdo-Garcia D., Schultz A.P., Catana C., Becker J.A., Svarer C., Knudsen G., Sperling R.A, & Johnson K.A. (2016). Different Partial Volume Correction Methods Lead to Different Conclusions: an 18F-FDG PET Study of Aging. NeuroImage, 132, 334-343.
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4

PiB-PET Imaging Protocol for Neurological Assessment

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PiB was synthesized based on published methods developed by our group and details of the PET acquisition can be found in previous reports32 (link). Participant preparation included immobilization of the head using a thermoplastic mask to minimize head motion. The PiB-PET data were acquired on a Siemens/CTI ECAT HR+ scanner (with Neuro-insert) in 3D imaging mode (63 parallel planes; axial field-of-view: 15.2 cm). Transmission scanning (10-15 min) was performed in order to correct the PET emission data for photon attenuation, using rotating 68Ge/68Ga rods with electronic windowing to minimize acceptance of scatter and noise. PiB was administered to participants via intravenous injection (>500 Ci/mmole, 14.8 ± 1.6 mCi). All participants were scanned over 40-70 min post-injection interval. PET data were reconstructed using filtered back-projection. Data was corrected for photon attenuation, scatter, and radioactive decay. The final reconstructed PET image resolution was ~ 6 mm (transverse and axial).
Diniz B.S., Sibille E., Ding Y., Tseng G., Aizenstein H., Lotrich F., Becker J.T., Lopez O.L., Lotze M.T., Klunk W.E., Reynolds CF I.I.I, & Butters M.A. (2014). Plasma Biosignature and Brain Pathology related to Persistent Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life Depression. Molecular psychiatry, 20(5), 594-601.
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5

PiB-PET Imaging Protocol for Neurological Assessment

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PiB was synthesized based on published methods developed by our group and details of the PET acquisition can be found in previous reports32 (link). Participant preparation included immobilization of the head using a thermoplastic mask to minimize head motion. The PiB-PET data were acquired on a Siemens/CTI ECAT HR+ scanner (with Neuro-insert) in 3D imaging mode (63 parallel planes; axial field-of-view: 15.2 cm). Transmission scanning (10-15 min) was performed in order to correct the PET emission data for photon attenuation, using rotating 68Ge/68Ga rods with electronic windowing to minimize acceptance of scatter and noise. PiB was administered to participants via intravenous injection (>500 Ci/mmole, 14.8 ± 1.6 mCi). All participants were scanned over 40-70 min post-injection interval. PET data were reconstructed using filtered back-projection. Data was corrected for photon attenuation, scatter, and radioactive decay. The final reconstructed PET image resolution was ~ 6 mm (transverse and axial).
Diniz B.S., Sibille E., Ding Y., Tseng G., Aizenstein H., Lotrich F., Becker J.T., Lopez O.L., Lotze M.T., Klunk W.E., Reynolds CF I.I.I, & Butters M.A. (2014). Plasma Biosignature and Brain Pathology related to Persistent Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life Depression. Molecular psychiatry, 20(5), 594-601.
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6

Synthesis and Imaging of [18F]AV-1451 and [11C]PiB

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Synthesis, preparation and administration of [18F]AV-1451 were conducted as previously described (36 (link)). [18F]AV-1451 and [11C]PiB data were acquired on a Siemens/CTI ECAT HR+ scanner (63 parallel planes; axial FOV: 15.2 cm; in-plane resolution: 4.1 mm full-width at half-maximum; slice width: 2.4 mm). For [18F]AV-1451, administration of 10 mCi of radiotracer was followed by a 20-minute acquisition, beginning at 80 minutes post-injection. [11C]PiB data were acquired using a 39-frame dynamic protocol (8×15s, 4×60s, and 27×120s), reconstructed and corrected for scatter, attenuation and randoms with vendor-supplied software.
Gomperts S., Locascio J.J., Makaretz S.J., Schultz A., Caso C., Vasdev N., Sperling R., Growdon J.H., Dickerson B.C, & Johnson K. (2016). Tau PET imaging in the Lewy body diseases. JAMA neurology, 73(11), 1334-1341.
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7

Multimodal Imaging of Amyloid and Tau

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T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired on a GE Discovery MR750 (Wisconsin), Siemens Trio or Prisma (Pittsburgh), GE SIGNA (Cambridge), and GE Discovery MR750 (Barrow). MRI images were processed using FreeSurfer v5.3.0 for region of interest (ROI) definition. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans were performed on a Siemens ECAT HR + scanner (Wisconsin/Pittsburgh), Siemens 4-ring Biograph mCT (Pittsburgh), GE SIGNA (Cambridge), and GE Discovery 710 (Barrow). A target dose of 15 mCi of [C-11]Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB) was injected intravenously, and PET scans were used to measure Aβ acquired 50–70 min post-injection (four 5-minute frames). Following completion of the PiB scan, a target dose of 10 mCi of [F-18]AV-1451 was injected intravenously, and PET scans were used to measure neurofibrillary tau acquired 80–100 min post-injection (four 5-minute frames). Using the Statistical Parametric Mapping 12 software (SPM12), PET frames were re-aligned to correct for motion and averaged to form a 3D image.
Zammit M.D., Tudorascu D.L., Laymon C.M., Hartley S.L., Ellison P.A., Zaman S.H., Ances B.M., Johnson S.C., Stone C.K., Sabbagh M.N., Mathis C.A., Klunk W.E., Cohen A.D., Handen B.L, & Christian B.T. (2021). Neurofibrillary tau depositions emerge with subthreshold cerebral beta-amyloidosis in down syndrome. NeuroImage : Clinical, 31, 102740.
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8

Correcting PET Artifacts with Surface Coil μ-Map

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Because mMR surface coils include some metal components, we decided to acquire the µ-map of the surface coils using a transmission scan to avoid CT metal artifacts. A transmission scan of an anthropomorphic phantom (Data Spectrum Corporation, Hillsborough, NC) with a Siemens mMR surface coil array attached [See Figure 1 (A)] was first acquired on a Siemens ECAT HR+ scanner. The same phantom was filled with F-18 in both the liver and soft-tissue compartments (liver/background concentration ratio: 2.4). Additionally, three 1-cm “tumors” were placed around the liver (tumor/liver concentration ratio: 4). The phantom was placed in a Siemens Biograph PET-CT scanner. First, a CT with 120 kVp was acquired. Second, an mMR surface coil array was placed on the top of the phantom in the same way as we did the transmission scan. Third, a PET acquisition which included total 279 million coincidence events was performed. The CT image was first transformed into a µ-map, denoted phantom-µ-map, using Siemens e7 tools. The coil image obtained from the transmission scan was digitally added to the phantom-µ-map to create another µ-map, denoted phantom-coil-µ-map. The PET data were reconstructed twice: one with phantom-µ-map and one with phantom-coil-µ-map. A bias image was then calculated using the image reconstructed with phantom-coil-µ-map as the reference.
Ouyang J., Petibon Y., Huang C., Reese T.G., Kolnick A.L, & El Fakhri G. (2014). Quantitative simultaneous positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Medical Imaging, 1(3), 033502.
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9

FDG-PET Imaging Protocol for Neurological Disorders

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All participants were withdrawn from anti-PD medications for at least 12 hours and fasted for at least 6 hours before scanning. For the patients who were recruited from the Asan Medical Center (Table 1), a 5-minute transmission scan using a 68Ge rotating pin source and a 15-minute emission scan were acquired on an ECAT HR+ scanner (Siemens Medical Systems) at the Asan Medical Center, 40 minutes after i.v. injection of 370 MBq FDG (82 (link)). For the patients who were recruited from the Crescentwood Memory Clinic and Health Science Centre in Winnipeg (Table 2), all PET imaging data were acquired on a Siemens Biograph 16 HiRez PET/CT (Siemens Medical Solutions) scanner at the University of Manitoba. Patients were injected i.v. with 185 MBq FDG, and a 15-minute static image was acquired starting 40 minutes after injection. A head CT scan was acquired for attenuation correction purposes.
All FDG-PET image preprocessing was carried out using the standard procedure implemented in Statistical Parametric Mapping 12 (SPM) software (www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/). Images were spatially normalized by warping to the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) standard space using a PET template and then subsequently smoothed using an 8 mm Gaussian filter. For all images, FDG uptake was proportionally scaled using the whole-brain mean value.
Booth S., Park K.W., Lee C.S, & Ko J.H. (2022). Predicting cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease using FDG-PET–based supervised learning. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 132(20), e157074.
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10

FDG-PET Imaging of Brain Metabolism

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For each participant, a FDG-PET image was acquired on a Siemens/CTI (Knoxville, TN) ECAT HR+ scanner (3D mode; 63 image planes; 15.2 cm axial field of view; 5.6 mm transaxial resolution and 2.4 mm slice interval) during quiet wakefulness with eyes closed and ears unplugged after intravenous injection of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG, 152 to 290 MBq) (73 (link)). Images of tracer distribution in the brain were used for analysis: scan start time was 30 min after tracer injection and scan duration was 20 min. Images were reconstructed using filtered backprojection including correction for measured attenuation and scatter using standard software. FDG-PET image analyses were performed using SPM12 (Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, London, UK). The PET data were subjected to an affine and non-linear spatial normalization onto the PET brain template. A mean image was then generated from all the resulting normalized images and smoothed using an 8-mm full-width at half-maximum isotropic Gaussian filter. This mean image served as a brain template specific to the whole sample. Each PET image was then spatially normalized onto this group-specific brain template. Finally, images were smoothed with a 12-mm full-width at half-maximum filter.
Bastin C., Giacomelli F., Miévis F., Lemaire C., Guillaume B, & Salmon E. (2021). Anosognosia in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Lack of Awareness of Memory Difficulties Characterizes Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 631518.
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