DXA scans were performed on the whole body to assess total body with head BMD (TB-BMD) and bone mineral content (TB-BMC) and on the lumbar spine to assess spinal BMD (SP-BMD) of L1-L4, using Hologic QDR 4500, Delphi or Discovery (Hologic, Waltham, MA) or Lunar DPX, DPXL or Prodigy (GE Medical Systems, Madison, WI) machines. Fat and lean mass (body composition) measures included total body fat mass (TBF), trunk fat (TrF), extremity (arms and legs) fat (ExF) and extremity lean mass (ExL). The Body Composition Analysis Center at Tufts University School of Medicine analyzed all scans to standardize across machines and clinical sites. [5 (link), 16 (link)] Results were available on 379 of 386 enrollees (four were not ambulatory, two were too heavy for the machine and one had no results).
Lunar dpx
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United States
The Lunar DPX is a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) device used for bone density measurement. It is designed to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in clinical settings.
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Lab products found in correlation
Magnetom avanto, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Lunar prodigy, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Discovery a, by Hologic (2 mentions)
Dpx l, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Facscalibur, by BD (1 mentions)
Ingenia 3t, by Philips (1 mentions)
Lunar encore, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Ge encore, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
Bf306, by Omron (1 mentions)
20 protocols using lunar dpx
1
Body Composition Assessment via DXA Scans
2
Body Composition Assessment with DXA and MRI
3
Measuring Bone Density in Turkish Children
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The T score indicates how much a person’s bone mass differs from the bone mass of an average healthy 30-year-old adult. In contrast, the Z score refers to standard deviations based on a comparison of a child’s BMD to the mean BMD of a standard population of the same sex and age [35 ]. When calculating age- and sex-adjusted Z scores, DXA measures the density of different bones in the body; however, the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and femoral neck are most commonly used [36 (link)]. In the present study, Z scores were obtained for the spine using BMD (g/cm2) from DXA scans. BMD Z scores were calculated using the BMD dataset of local Turkish children after adjustment for height and age [37 (link),38 (link)]. All DXA procedures were performed using Lunar Prodigy (General Electric, GE Healthcare, Lunar DPX, NT+150301, USA) at a single institution.
4
Body Composition Assessment by DXA
5
Anthropometric and Metabolic Assessment Protocol
6
Bone Health Assessment in HIV Patients
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The patients' age, sex, HIV transmission route, habits of smoking and consuming alcohol or addictive substances, BMI at the time of BMD measurements, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and parathormone levels, HIV RNA, rare CD4 T lymphocyte counts and history of receiving ART were recorded on data collection forms. HIV RNA levels were assessed using the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) method (ARTUS QIAGEN HI Virus-1RG RT-PCR), while CD4 T lymphocyte counts were studied using standard flow cytometry (FACSCalibur, Becton Dickinson). Calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D levels were examined using the Architect Abbott kit and the PTH Siemens ADVIA Centaur kit. The patients' BMD measurements were performed with a DXA device (Lunar DPX, General Electric).
7
Measuring Bone Density with Lunar DPX Device
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Bone density parameters were measured with the use of a Lunar DPX (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, USA) device. Bone mineral densities (BMDs) of the non-dominant femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH) were evaluated in each patient and presented in standardized units [g/cm2], based on corresponding T-score values according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) reference data for white women (aged between 20 and 29 years). The WHO criteria were used for osteoporosis diagnosis. All the measurements were performed by one experienced operator. The coefficient of variation (CV%), calculated per 50 measurements, was 1.6% for FN and 0.82% for TH.
8
Screening and Glucose Tolerance in Athletes
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Subjects were screened for physical activity status, cardiovascular disease risk, and medical history by questionnaires. Resting blood pressure, weight, height, body composition (DEXA; GE Lunar DPX), and peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) were also measured during screening. The VO2 peak test began with a warm-up at a moderate running speed individualized for each subject, after which the incline of the treadmill was increased every 1–2 min until volitional fatigue. During a separate visit, we performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after an overnight fast (12 h). Because all subjects were regular exercisers, to avoid the robust influence of acute exercise on insulin sensitivity, the OGTT was conducted exactly 3 days after their most recent exercise session.
9
Parathyroidectomy Biochemical Monitoring
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Blood biochemical examinations were performed upon diagnosis and at 1 day after parathyroidectomy and subsequently for 36 months after parathyroidectomy. PTH was measured using an immunoelectrochemical analyzer (E601; Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland; normal range 15–65 pg/mL, intra-assay variation 2.38%, interassay variations 6.7 and 7.5%). Serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were measured using standard automatic assays. The BMD values before and at 36 months after parathyroidectomy were measured using DXA with a lunar DPX (GE Healthcare, USA) in the array (fan beam) mode at the lumbar spine (L1–L4), total hip, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, and Ward’s triangle.
10
Body Composition Measurement by DXA
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We performed DXA (Lunar DPX, General Electric) to determine the body composition of the subjects. The lean soft tissue mass and the fat mass in the arms, legs, trunk, and in the entire body were determined using a manual DXA analysis software (Lunar enCORE). Body composition was also analyzed. Equipment was calibrated using a standardized employed each day.
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