Rint 2000 wide angle goniometer

Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were recorded on a D/MAX 2500 instrument (Rigaku) with a Rint 2000 wide angle goniometer and Cu Kα1 radiation (λ = 1.54056 Å) at 40 kV and 100 mA. The diffraction patterns were scanned over an angular (2θ) range of 20−80° at intervals of 0.02° with a counting time of 0.6 s per step. Photoluminescence (PL) studies were conducted on a fluorescence spectrophotometer (Photon Technology International) equipped with a 60 W Xe-arc lamp as the excitation light source. All the measurements were recorded at room temperature.

The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area from N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms at 77 K of MOF-808 and PBE@MOF-808 were determined using a 3Flex (Micromeritics Instruments, Norcross, GA, USA). Before the N₂ adsorption–desorption measurement, approximately 100 mg of the samples were degassed under vacuum at 150 °C for 24 h. The chemical interactions between PBE copolymers and MOF-808 membranes were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The morphologies of the membranes and particles were examined using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, JSM-6701F, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) and transmission electron microscope (TEM, Libra 120, Zeiss, operated at 120 kV). The thermal stability of the materials was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) through a DTA/TGA analyzer (TA instruments, New Castle, DE, USA) at a heating rate of 10 °C/min under a nitrogen environment. The chain morphology of the polymers was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, (DSC8000, Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA)) at a scan rate of 10 °C/min under a nitrogen atmosphere. The crystalline structure of the membranes was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD, RINT2000 wide-angle goniometer, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) with a Cu cathode operated at 40 kV and 300 mA.