Bacillus cereus atcc 11 778

The WsKG used in this study was 6-year-old root grown in Sansam Village (Wanju, Korea). Chitosan (75–85% deacetylated), acetic acid solution, and ZnONP (average particle size of 20 ± 5 nm) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Seoul, Korea). K₂SO₄ and CaCl₂ were purchased from Daejung chemicals & Metals Co. (Siheung, Korea). Escherichia coli ATCC 25,922 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11,778 were brought from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Seoul, Korea). E. coli and B. cereus were cultivated at 37 °C for 16 h by picking one inoculation loop and spreading on Luria–Bertani (LB) medium (BD DIFCO, New Jersey, USA). Microbial stock was prepared by inoculating LB broth and 50% glycerol (6:4 v/v) with the bacteria, which was stored at −80 °C.

Rice straw was obtained as native biomass from extension farm of Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. Longan (Dimocarpus longan) peels of an organic farm was provided from Fruitdee Co., Ltd. (Bangkok, Thailand). The fruit peels were cut into small piece (≤5 mm) and dried at 45 °C for 48 h in a hot air dryer (Binder FD 115, Tuttingen, Germany). Oxidized starch, EXELSIZE 8 was obtained from SMS Corporation, Pathum Thani, Thailand. All analytical grade chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich S.A. (Madrid, Spain) and were used without further purification. Food borne pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Virginia, USA) and used as test bacteria. The bacterial strains were cultured in tryptic soy medium (Difco, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) and stored at 4 °C for further study.