Calcium chloride dihydrate

Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), paraformaldehyde, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium dichloride hexahydrate, ammonium carbonate, calcium chloride dihydrate, hydrochloric acid, bovine bile, porcine pepsin, porcine pancreatin and p-toluene-sulfonyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME) were obtained from Merck (Amsterdam, Netherlands). Laemmli sample buffer (2 ×) was obtained from Bio-Rad (Lunteren, The Netherlands). Non-heat inactivated non-irradiated fetal bovine calf serum(FBS) with product number FBS-12a was obtained from Capricorn Scientific (Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). Trifluoroacetic acid, dithiothreitol and iodoacetamide were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands), and sequencing grade trypsin was obtained from Boehringer Mannheim (Mannheim, Germany). Precast SurePAGE MOPS-Tris PAGE gels were obtained from Genscript (Rijswijk, The Netherlands). Alexa-fluor 594-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin was obtained from Thermo Fisher (Bremen, Germany).

Precisa LS 220A SCS (Dietikon, Switzerland) analytical balance was used for weighing. GC-FID analysis was performed with Shimadzu GC-2010 Plus (Kyoto, Japon) equipped with Shimadzu AOC-5000 Plus (Kyoto, Japon) autosampler and Restek Rtx-Wax capillary column (30 m × 0.32 mm ID, 0.25 μm film thickness) (Pennsylvania, United States). For absorption measurements of the validation method, Shimadzu UV-1800 (Kyoto, Japon) spectrophotometer was used.
Formaldehyde standard, o-(2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine hydrochloride as derivatization reagent, 1-bromo-4-fluorobenzene (BFB) as internal standard were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Steinheim, Germany). Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride dihydrate, acetylacetone, acetic acid (glacial) were provided from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany).

Metformin hydrochloride and methyl cinnamate were purchased from Fluorochem (Hadfield, Derbyshire, UK); dicyandiamide, aniline, diethyl oxalate, methyl salicylate and sodium methoxide were purchased from TCI Chemical (Tokyo, Japan); isopropyl palmitate was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); methyl benzoate was gifted by the Department of Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University. Calcium chloride dihydrate and trisodium citrate dihydrate were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Citric acid anhydrous was purchased from Loba Chemie PVT. LTD (Mumbai, India). All of solvents used were distilled or analytical grade.
HCT116 (Human colorectal carcinoma) and SW620 (Human colorectal adenocarcinoma) cells were obtained from Nanomedicine RU, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University. DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium), RPMI, fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotics, trypsin-EDTA, PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) (1X, pH 7.4) and Prestoblue™ cell viability reagent were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Cisplatin was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and dialysis bag Spectra/Por membranes (MWCO = 12–14 kDa) were purchased from Spectrum Laboratories, Inc. (Rancho Dominguez, CA, USA).

PLGA (lactic acid:glycolic acid = 50:50; i.v. = 48,000) was purchased from Evonik Industry (Essen, Germany). Dexamethasone and Nile red were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan). PVA (87–89% hydrolyzed), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets, tween 80, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA; >99%), and calcium chloride dihydrate (>99%) were obtained from Merck (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dichloromethane (DCM; >99.5%), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF; >99.5%), and acetone (>99.5%) were supplied by DaeJung (Siheung-si, Korea). Acetonitrile (ACN; >99.9%) was purchased from J.T. Bakers (Phillisburg, NJ, USA). PDMS (Sylgard 184) was obtained from Sewang Hitech Silicone (Bucheon-si, Korea). Alcaine^® (0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) and Maxidex^® (0.1% Dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) were purchased from Alcon-Couvreur (Fort Worth, TX, USA).