Acetonitrile

Fresh leaves, stalks and flower buds were cut into small pieces and then freeze-dried, crushed, sieved, and stored at –30^°C before GSL extraction. GSL extraction was performed using the method described by Zang et al. (2015) (link).
The GSL content was determined by HPLC as described by Zang et al. (2015) (link). Chromatographic separation was achieved using an Agilent 1200 UPLC system (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Santa Clara, United States) with a Prontosil ODS2 column (250 × 4 mm, 5 μm, Bischoff, Germany). The mobile phase consisted of ultrapure water and acetonitrile (Tedia, United States) and the following gradient elution program was adopted: 0–20% acetonitrile (0–32 min), then 20% acetonitrile (32–38 min), followed by 20–100% acetonitrile (38–43 min). The flow rate was 1.3 mL/min.
Individual glucosinolates were identified by LC-MS analysis. Amounts of glucosinolates were determined with sinigrin as an internal standard and based on the response factors (ISO9167-1) of each compound relative to sinigrin. The glucosinolate content was expressed as μmol⋅100g^–1dry weight (DW).

Microcystin standards (MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR) with purities ≥95% were purchased from Alexis Biochemicals (Lausen, Switzerland). The stock solution of three MC congeners was prepared in 1 mL of Methanol solution at a concentration of 100 mg/L for each variant, which was kept at −20 °C for later use. The C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges (500 mg, 6 mL) used in MCs analysis were obtained from Anpel Company (Shanghai, China). The standard compounds GEO, MIB and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP, as the internal standard) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA) with the concentration of 100 mg/L in Methanol, while CYC and ION with purities ≥97% were purchased from Adamas Reagent Co., Ltd. (Basel, Switzerland). The stock solution of 1 mg/L with four target T&O compounds prepared in Methanol was stored in the dark at 4 °C. Sodium chloride (NaCl, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) was added to the samples to enhance the T&O compounds extraction from water.
Methanol, trifluoracetic acid, acetic acid, acetonitrile and acetone were of HPLC grade from Tedia Company (Fairfield, OH, USA). Water used throughout the work was from a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). All other reagents used were of analytical grade or better.

Allopurinol, hypoxanthine, and potassium oxonate were procured from Sigma-Aldrich Corporation Co. Ltd (MO, USA). Uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), xanthine oxidase (XOD), creatinine (CRE), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) assay kit were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (China). Carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC-Na) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (China). Moreover, UPLC-grade methanol, acetonitrile, and ammonium acetate were supplied by the Tedia Company Inc. (Fairfield, USA). Water was prepared with the ultrapure water purifying system of Hitech Instruments Co., Ltd (China). All the incorporated chemicals were of analytical grade.