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29 protocols using penicillin streptomycin

1

Cell Culture Protocols for Diverse Cell Lines

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U937, CEM, and Jurkat cells were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and maintained in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 media containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% l-glutamine, and 1% streptomycin/penicillin (Quality Biological, Gaithersburg, MD). 293T cells, VP40 clones, and HeLa cells were sustained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% l-glutamine, and 1% streptomycin/penicillin (Quality Biological). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were maintained in RPMI 1640 media containing 20% FBS, 1% l-glutamine, and 1% streptomycin/penicillin. The PBMCs were also maintained with 50 IU/mL human recombinant interleukin (IL)-2 (Sigma) before transfections, but they were incubated in the absence of exogenous growth factors once transfected. All cells were incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2. For antibiotic selection of transfected 293T cells, hygromycin B (Invitrogen) was added to the culture the next day. Cdk4/6 inhibitors Fascaplysin (0.1–1 µM; Abcam) and Ribociclib (LEEO11; 0.1–10.0 µM; MedChemExpress) were used for the treatment of 293T and VP40 clone cell cultures for the analysis of cyclin D1 inhibition, cell viability, and EV production.
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2

Culturing HIV-1 Infected T-cells and Luciferase Reporter Cells

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The uninfected Jurkat and HIV-1 infected J1.1 T-cells obtained from the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program, were maintained in RPMI-1640 media containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% L-glutamine, and 1% streptomycin/penicillin (Quality Biological, Gaithersburg, MD). A HeLa cell derivative TZM-bl cells, expressing CD4, CXCR4 and CCR5 surface receptors, and with a stably integrated firefly luciferase reporter gene under the control of an HIV-1 LTR [43] (link), [44] (link), was maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% L-glutamine, and 1% streptomycin/penicillin. All cells were incubated at 37°C in the presence of 5% CO2.
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Caco-2 Cell Culturing and Seeding

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Caco-2 cell line was purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC# HTB-37), and culturing was performed as described in published best practices from the ATCC manual (https://www.atcc.org/Products/All/HTB-37.aspx?geo_country=us), and as reported in literature.12,22 Cryovials were thawed and cultured in 12 mL media in T75 flasks. Cells were grown to 60–80% confluency, media was aspirated, rinsed with HBSS, harvested with 3 mL .25% Trypsin-EDTA and split 1–2 or 1–3. Viable cell counts were obtained using Nexcelom Bioscience Cellomenter™ Auto T4 cell counter with Trypan Blue assay for viability (BioWhittaker® catalog# 17-942E). Cells were initially thawed from cryopreserved vials with 5 or 6 previous passages and seeded after 3–4 additional passages.
After expansion, cells were seeded onto 24-well insert plates with PET 1.0 uM pore size permeable membrane (Millipore product # PSRP010). Cells were seeded at a density of .4x106 cells/mL in a 300uL volume (120,000 cells/well) in the apical chamber. Cultures were grown at 37°C, 5% CO2 on filter-sterilized Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) with 20% Fetal Bovine Serum, with Penicillin-Streptomycin (Quality Biological™ cat. # 120–095-671). Media was changed every other day during the timecourse.
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Expansion of HIV/EBV-specific CD8+ T cells

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Thawed PBMCs from HIV-infected individuals were labeled with CellTrace Violet (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 1μM according to the manufacturer's protocol. The cells were then plated at 5 × 106 cells/well in 24 well plate in CellGenix GMP DC Medium (CellGenix) containing recombinant human (rh) IL-7 (1ng/ml, PeproTech) to support minimal T cell survival and rh FLT3L (50ng/ml, PeproTech) to mobilize primary DCs. After 24 hours (day 1), cognate CD8 epitope peptides from HIV or EBV were added to the culture at 1μg/ml. On day 2, human serum (Access Biologicals) and rh IL-2 (Miltenyi Biotec) were added at final concentrations of 8% (volume/volume) and 20U/ml, respectively. Half of the medium was replaced with RPMI-1640 containing 8% human serum, rhIL-2 (20U/ml), and penicillin-streptomycin (100 U/ml, Quality Biological) on days 5, 7 and 9. HIV and EBV-specific CD8+ T cells in the culture were analyzed by flow cytometry on days 6 and 12.
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5

Isolation and Culture of Cardiac ILC2s

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Cardiac ILC2s were isolated using FACSAria II (BD Biosciences) from the hearts of IL-33-treated mice and cultured at 37°C in RPMI 1640 (GIBCO) with 10% FBS (GE Healthcare Life Sciences), 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin, 2 mM L-Glutamine, 10 mM HEPES, 1 mM Sodium Pyruvate (all Quality Biological), 0.1 mM Non-essential amino acids (Sigma Aldrich), 0.05 mM 2-Mercaptoethanol (GIBCO). Cytokines, IL-2, IL-7 and IL-33, at a concentration of 25 ng/ml were added in media to expand ILC2s in vitro.
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Synthesis and Characterization of (R,R')-MNF Compound

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(R,R’)-MNF was synthesized as previously described.14 (link) Lactate (purity ≥ 98%), 3-hydroxybutyrate (purity ≥ 98%), carnitine (purity ≥ 98%), p-aminohippuric acid (purity ≥ 98%), human recombinant insulin (dry powder), methanol (HPLC grade), acetonitrile (HPLC grade) and formic acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640 medium, Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM), trypsin solution, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100X solutions of sodium pyruvate (100 mM), L-glutamine (200 mM), and penicillin/streptomycin (a mixture of 10,000 units/mL) were obtained from Quality Biological (Gaithersburg, MD, USA).
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7

Isolation and Primary Culture of Mouse Dorsal Root Ganglia

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Adult (8–10 weeks) male naive mice were euthanized with isoflurane. DRGs were collected in cold DH10 [90%DMEM/F-12 (Gibco, Grand Island, NY), 10% FBS (JR Scientific, Woodland, CA), 1%penicillin-streptomycin (Quality Biological, Gaithersburg, MD)] and then treated with enzyme solution [3.5 mg/ml dispase, 1.6 mg/ml collagenase type I in HBSS without Ca2+and Mg2+ (Gibco)] at 37°C for 20–25 min. After centrifugation, the dissociated cells were re-suspended in DH10 and plated at a density of 1.5–4×105 cells in a 6-well plate coated with poly-L-lysine (0.5 mg/ml, Sigma, St. Louis, MO) and laminin (10 μg/ml, Invitrogen). The cells were incubated in 5% CO2 at 37°C. One day later, 500 ng siRNA was added to each well. Cells were harvested 48 hours later.
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8

Synthesis and Use of Radiolabeled MNF

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(R,R’)-4-methoxy-1-naphthylfenoterol (MNF) was synthesized as described previously [24 (link)]. Radiolabeled [3H]-thymidine (10 Ci/mmol) was purchased from PerkinElmer Life Science (Waltham, MA); human recombinant insulin, AM251, doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and CID 16020046 were from Sigma-Aldrich (St-Louis, MO), while the Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents (NE-PER Kit) was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640 medium, Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM), trypsin solution, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100X solutions of sodium pyruvate (100 mM), L-glutamine (200 mM), and penicillin/streptomycin (a mixture of 10,000 units/ml penicillin and 10,000 μg/ml streptomycin) were obtained from Quality Biological (Gaithersburg, MD).
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9

Cannabidiol and HU308 Effects on HIV-1 Monocytes

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HIV-1-infected (U1) monocytes provided by the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) AIDS Reagent program were cultured in RPMI 1640 media containing 10% EV-depleted fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 1% L-glutamine (Quality Biological, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Cells were incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2. U1 cells were treated with Cannabidiol (CBD; 2-[1R-3-methyl-6R-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl]-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol; CAT: 90080, Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 5 µM) or HU308 (((1S,4S,5S)-4-(2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-methyloctan-2-yl)phenyl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo [3.1.1]hept-2-en-2-yl)methanol; Tetrabiopharma and Targetedbioscience); 5 µM) for 3 days.
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10

Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Culture

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Bone marrow was extracted from femurs and tibias isolated from BALB/cJ or C57BL/6J mice and cultured in DMEM media (12-604F, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (35-011-CV, Corning Inc., Corning, NY) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (120-095-721EA, Quality Biological, Gaithersburg, MD) at 37°C, 5% CO2, in a humidified incubator. After 24 h, the suspension cells were removed and culture in a new flask along with 10 ng/ml recombinant murine IL-3 (213-13, Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ). Cells were passaged twice per week, each time leaving behind any adherent cells. After 4–6 weeks, cell phenotype was confirmed by visual morphology and flow cytometry.
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