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9 protocols using c9300

1

Phagocytosis of Particles by Acanthamoeba castellanii

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Trophozoites of A. castellanii (ATTC
30234) were cultured in PYG 712 medium at room temperature in 75 mL
tissue culture bottles (Sarstedt, Germany), as described earlier.36 (link),37 (link) For each experiment, a PDMS pillar array was detached from the glass
slide and placed onto the bottom of a glass Petri dish (ibidi GmbH,
Germany). A 100 μL solution containing spherical particles,
200 μL of solution containing rod-shaped particles or no solution
was added to the dish, depending on the experiment. A. castellanii were detached from the cell culture
substrate by striking the container and shaking it vigorously. The
acanthamoebae were counted with a Neubauer hemocytometer, and 20 000
cells were incubated in the Petri dish in 1 mL PYG 712 medium for
15 h to ensure that the amoeba phagocytosed enough particles and that
the medium sufficiently wet the hydrophobic PDMS micropattern. In
total, 33 movies of A. castellanii migrating
on the samples were collected using a 60× oil immersion objective
(UPlanSApo 60× Oil, Olympus, Japan) on an inverted microscope
(IX-81, Olympus, Japan) and a digital camera (Hamamatsu C9300, Hamamatsu,
Japan) at 10 fps.
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2

Acanthamoeba Adhesion to Functionalized Beads

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D-mannose agarose beads (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Munich, Germany) and sepharose beads (CL-4B, ø 40 μm to 165 μm, Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Munich, Germany) were each diluted in a ratio of 1:10 in PBS and subsequently centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 5 min. The supernatant was removed and the washing procedure was repeated twice. Finally, the cleaned beads were diluted 1:10 in PBS. 3 × 105A. castellanii or A. comandoni in 5 ml of PYG medium were seeded into tissue culture bottles (25 ml, Sarstedt AG & Co., Nümbrecht, Germany) and 0.5 ml of one of the bead solutions were added. The samples were observed with an inverted phase contrast microscope (Olympus CKX41) equipped with a camera (C9300, Hamamatsu, Hamamatsu, Japan) and 50 images of each bottle were taken right after the addition, after 2 h and after 4 h incubation time at room temperature. The number of acanthamoebae adhering to the beads and the total number of acanthamoebae in the resulting images were counted.
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3

X-ray Imaging Experimental Setup

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The diagrammatic representation of the experimental setup used in the present study was depicted in Fig. 1c. A medical X-ray source (Varian A272) was used and X-ray images were captured by an X-ray CCD camera (Hamamatsu, C9300, Japan). X-ray beam was converted into visible light by passing through a scintillator combined with fiber optic plate attached in front of the CCD camera. The X-ray tube and CCD camera were synchronized using a delay generator. The field of view was 36.0 mm × 24.0 mm and the effective pixel size was 9 μm × 9 μm. The exposure time of the X-ray CCD camera was 1 s. The distance between the test sample to the detector and the X-ray source to the detector were 60 cm and 100 cm, respectively. The X-ray source has energy spectrum ranged from 15 to 140 kVp and the optimal conditions for this research were found to be 80 kVp and 100 mA.
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4

Acanthamoeba Locomotion Observation

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Acanthamoeba locomotion and intracellular motion were observed with an inverted phase contrast microscope (Olympus CKX41 and IX81, Olympus Deutschland GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) with either a LCACHN 40X PHP, a LUCPLANFLN 40X PH2 or a UPLFLN 60X (long distance) objective (all from Olympus). Sequences having a length of at least 30 sec were recorded with a high-speed camera (Hamamatsu C9300, Hamamatsu, Japan) at frame rates between 80 and 99 frames per second (fps). Exposure times chosen for image recording are not expected to cause errors in the analysis of particle trajectories60 (link).
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5

Nodal Cilia Rotation Analysis

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Embryos from Pierce1+/− × Pierce1+/− or Pierce2+/− × Pierce2+/− crosses were harvested at E8.0 and dissected in pre-warmed DMEM (GIBCO, #10569010) supplemented with 10% FBS (GIBCO, #10500064). To visualize nodal cilia rotation, embryos were mounted on slides in the medium with the node facing up. Differential interference contrast (DIC) video capture was performed at 100 frames per second at 100X magnification using a Leica DM2500 compound microscope equipped with a monochrome high-speed Hamamatsu C9300 camera. Nodal cilia rotation was quantified by counting the number of frames per 5 complete rotations for a minimum of 5 cilia per embryo. Cilia movement type was also determined from the same videos. Embryos were taken for genotyping after imaging.
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6

Quantitative Analysis of Acanthamoeba Adhesion on PDMS

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The PDMS substrates were washed with PYG 712 medium before use. A. castellanii were detached from the cell culture substrate by cautiously hitting the culture flask. The acanthamoebae were counted by a Neubauer hemocytometer and 30.000 acanthamoebae were incubated in 1 mL PYG 712 for 1 h to ensure that the amoebae are fully spread at the time of the experiment. After this incubation period, 30 phase-contrast images were captured with a 10× objective (UPlanFL, Olympus, Japan) on an inverted microscope (IX-81, Olympus, Japan) for each PDMS substrate and for the control substrate (sterile 6-well plate, Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany) by using a digital camera (C-9300, Hamamatsu, Japan). The experiments were carried out on three different days (on each day in triplicate). Cell numbers and areas were evaluated by manual image segmentation with ImageJ [26 ]. Statistical significance was analyzed by using a Kruskal–Wallis test and a multiple comparison test in Matlab (MathWorks, USA).
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7

Semi-Intact Drosophila Heart Analysis

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Drosophila semi-intact heart preparations were prepared as described previously (Vogler & Ocorr, 2009 (link)). Movies of beating hearts were recorded for 30 s with a high-speed EM-CCD camera (Hamamatsu, C9300) at 130 frames/s. Data were captured using HC Image software (Hamamatsu). Movies were analyzed with Semi-automatic Optical Heartbeat Analysis software to quantify heart periods, systolic and diastolic intervals, systolic and diastolic diameters, fractional shortening, and arrhythmia indexes (defined as the standard deviation of the heart period normalized to the median of each fly) and to produce M-mode records (Cammarato et al., 2015 (link); Fink et al., 2009 (link)).
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8

Nodal Cilia Rotation Analysis

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Embryos from Pierce1+/− × Pierce1+/− or Pierce2+/− × Pierce2+/− crosses were harvested at E8.0 and dissected in pre-warmed DMEM (GIBCO, #10569010) supplemented with 10% FBS (GIBCO, #10500064). To visualize nodal cilia rotation, embryos were mounted on slides in the medium with the node facing up. Differential interference contrast (DIC) video capture was performed at 100 frames per second at 100X magnification using a Leica DM2500 compound microscope equipped with a monochrome high-speed Hamamatsu C9300 camera. Nodal cilia rotation was quantified by counting the number of frames per 5 complete rotations for a minimum of 5 cilia per embryo. Cilia movement type was also determined from the same videos. Embryos were taken for genotyping after imaging.
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9

Thrombosis Measurement in Mouse Cremaster

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Thrombosis was measured in mouse cremaster arterioles as described previously[19 (link)]. Briefly, under general anesthesia the cremaster muscle was exteriorized and connective tissue removed. DyLight® 649-conjugated anti-GPIbβ antibody (0.2 µg/g mouse weight) was introduced into the carotid artery via a cannula. Injury to the vessel wall was made with a MicroPoint ablation laser (Andor Technology, Belfast, UK) and thrombus formation recorded using a digital camera with a charge-coupled device (C9300, Hamamatsu Photonics, Welwyn Garden City, UK). Data were analyzed using SlideBook 6 software (Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, USA).
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