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Peak scanner software version 1

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Peak Scanner Software version 1.0 is a data analysis software tool designed for use with Thermo Fisher Scientific's chromatography and mass spectrometry instrumentation. The software's core function is to assist users in the visualization, integration, and quantification of chromatographic peaks and mass spectrometric data.

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14 protocols using peak scanner software version 1

1

Microsatellite Genotyping Protocol

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Genotyping was carried out for a subset of samples (n = 254) by amplifying seven neutral microsatellite markers (TA1, PolyA, PfPK2, TA109, 2490, 313, and 383) and by determining length of each amplified marker. A semi-nested PCR was used to amplify five of the seven microsatellite markers (TA1, PolyA, PfPK2, TA109 and 2490), while a single round RCR was used to amplify the remaining two of the seven markers (313 and 383) using published primers and PCR conditions29 (link),30 (link) . Fluorescent labelled PCR products were analysed on an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer sequencer (Applied Biosystems) to determine their length. Peak Scanner Software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems, https://peak-scanner-software.software.informer.com/1.0/) was used to manually score peaks. A peak height > 300 relative fluorescence units (rfu) was considered as a positive peak11 (link). For samples producing more than one peak, the highest peak was defined as the dominant allele in the sample while minor peaks were defined as minor alleles if their peak heights were > 300 rfu and > 30% of the highest peak.
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2

Assay of Bifunctional DNA Glycosylase Activity

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Bifunctional DNA glycosylases have base removal glycosylase activity and AP lyase activity that leading to a break in the DNA backbone leaving a 5’-phosphate and either a 3’-UA, via α-elimination, or a 5’-phosphate via β,δ-elimination (Fig. 2A). To confirm the presence of glycosylase and AP lyase activity in AGOG, a 20 μ L reaction containing 20 nM 8oxoG:C dsDNA and 100 nM AGOG in 1x Thermopol Buffer was incubated at 65 °C for 30 min. For a β,δ-elimination positive control, the above reaction was performed with Fpg instead of AGOG. For a β-elimination positive control, 20 nM dU:G dsDNA and 100 nM of Uracil DNA glycosylase (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA) and Endonuclease III (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA) in IX Thermopol Buffer were incubated at 37 °C for 30 min [8 (link),46 (link)]. All reactions were quenched by the addition of equal volume of 85 % formamide and 50 mM EDTA, followed by dilution in water to bring the final concentration of DNA to 2 nM. A 3730x1 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems) was used for capillary electrophoresis and the resultant fluorescent peaks were analyzed using Peak Scanner software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems) [42 (link)].
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3

Microsatellite Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum

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Seven neutral microsatellite markers (TA1, PolyA, PfPK2, TA109, 2490, 313, and 383) were analysed for a total of 180 samples as previously published22 (link)–24 (link). These included 20 samples selected from each health facility to represent local parasites with different hrp2/3 status. Five of the seven microsatellite markers (TA1, PolyA, PfPK2, TA109 and 2490) were amplified by semi-nested PCRs22 (link) while the remaining two microsatellite markers (313 and 383) by a single round PCR23 (link) using published primers and PCR conditions. Sizes of fluorescent labelled PCR products were analysed on an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer sequencer (Applied Biosystems). The microsatellite fragments/alleles were scored manually using Peak Scanner Software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems, https://peak-scanner-software.software.informer.com/1.0/) and a peak height > 300 relative fluorescence units (rfu) was considered as a positive peak3 (link). This criteria is more stringent than that (> 200 rfu) used in earlier studies22 (link),25 (link). A laboratory line (3D7) was included in each run for size calibration.
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4

Microsatellite Marker Amplification and Analysis

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We amplified 7 neutral microsatellite markers (TA1, PolyA, PfPK2, TA109, 2490, 313, and 383) from each sample (23 (link)) and assayed for size by using an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). We scored alleles manually by using Peak Scanner Software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems), using a height of 300 relative fluorescence units as the minimal peak threshold.
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5

Genotyping Schistosoma mansoni Microsatellites

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All procedures and primers were previously described (Blank et al., 2009 (link); Barbosa et al., 2013 (link)). Briefly, S. mansoni eggs were concentrated from the whole stool by selective sieving and sedimentation, and extracted DNA was PCR-amplified with a panel of primers for 11 microsatellites (Supplementary Table S1). The amplification products were combined into groups of three or four markers and processed on an Applied Biosystems 3730xl DNA Analyzer. PeakScanner software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was used to determine peak heights from which relative allele frequencies were calculated. Successful PCRs were defined as those in which there was at least one peak >500 pixels and measured peaks fell within the size range expected for a given marker. Peaks <100 pixels were excluded from analysis. If both duplicate samples amplified, their mean allele frequency was used. Subsequent population analyses were limited to those samples for which at least eight of 11 markers were successfully genotyped.
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6

MSI Analysis of Tumor Samples

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Tumor tissue from samples containing HEVs within the tumor center and from samples with the highest HEV density within the extra-tumoral area (for both Dukes’ A and C) was collected and incubated for 1 h at 57°C in the presence of ATL buffer (QIAGEN) and proteinase K followed by a 1 h incubation at 90°C. The EZ1 DNA Tissue kit (QIAGEN) was used with the EZ1 Advanced XL robot (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer's instructions to purify DNA. The MSI Analysis System (Promega) was used to identify MSI according to the manufacturer's instructions. Following PCR, the 3730 DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems) was used to perform capillary electrophoresis. Peak Scanner™ Software Version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems) was used for analysis. For a sample to be considered MSI at least 2 out of the 5 microsatellite loci studied had to be instable.
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7

Polymerase Incorporation Activity Assay

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A capillary electrophoresis-based assay was used to determine the polymerase incorporation activity of each PolD (33 (link)). A primer-template was prepared by annealing a 50mer 5′-FAM primer (5 μM) (5′-FAM-AGT GAA TTC GAG CTC GGT ACC CGG GGA TCC TCT AGA GTC GAC CTG CAG GT-3′) to a 67mer template (6.25 μM) (5′-AAG CAC GAA AGC AGG GTG CCT GCA GGT CGA CTC TAG AGG ATC CCC GGG TAC CGA GCT CGA ATT CAC T-3′) in 1× annealing buffer (20 mM Tris–HCl, 100 mM NaCl, pH 7.5) by heating to 95°C for 3 min followed by cooling to room temperature. 1 μl of each polymerase was added to 20 μl of 1× Thermopol buffer (20 mM Tris–HCl, 10 mM (NH4)2SO4, 10 mM KCl, 2 mM MgSO4, 0.1% Triton X-100, pH 8.8 at 25 °C) in a 96-well plate and six -fold serial dilutions in 1× Thermopol buffer were performed. An equal volume of 20 nM DNA (10 nM final), 2  μM dNTPs (1  μM final) was added to each PolD and the reactions were incubated at 65°C for 30 min followed by quenching with equal volume of 50 mM EDTA. Reaction products were separated by capillary electrophoresis using a 3730xl Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems) and fluorescent peaks were analyzed using Peak Scanner software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems). All assays were performed in triplicate to ensure experiment reproducibility.
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8

Microsatellite Analysis of Plasmodium Parasites

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We conducted microsatellite analysis as described elsewhere (10 (link)). In brief, for each sample originating from Sudan, South Sudan, or Nigeria, we analyzed 7 neutral microsatellite markers (TA1, PolyA, PfPK2, TA109, 2490, 313, and 383). We amplified markers per PCR conditions and primers listed (Appendix Table). We sized amplicons using an ABI 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, https://www.thermofisher.com). We scored alleles manually using Peak Scanner Software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems), including a minimum peak height of 300 relative fluorescence units (Appendix Figure 1). To exclude artifactual stutter peaks (likely polymerase slippage on extended tandem repeats, which are frequent in Plasmodium genomes), we disregarded peaks less than one third of the predominant peak (24 (link)).
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9

Bacterial Community Profiling via T-RFLP

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PCR amplification was performed using the PreMix PCR with 6-carboxyfluorescein labeled FAM_27F primer (5′-AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3′) and non-fluorescence labeled BAC519R primer (5′-GWATTACCGCGGCKGCTG-3′). The PCR cycle was set to 95 °C for 3 min (1 cycle); 94 °C for 30 s, 52.5 °C for 30 s, 72 °C for 90 s (35 cycles), and 72 °C for 10 min (1 cycle). The fluorescently labeled PCR products were digested with MspI or Rsal (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) for three hours at 37 °C, and then inactivation of the restriction enzyme was conducted for 15 min at 65 °C. The T-RFLP peaks were measured using an ABI PRISM 3730XL Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, USA), and the probable profiles of bacteria were identified for the EzTaxon Database. Peak values were aligned using the Peak scanner software version 1.0 (http://www.appliedbiosystems.com).
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10

Mosquito Species Identification and Microsatellite Analysis

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DNA was extracted from each mosquito using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Cat. No. 69506, Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Species identification was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (Beebe & Saul, 1995 (link)). DNA sample of each mosquito was analyzed in a multiplex PCR that co‐amplified all 10 microsatellite loci. The PCR reaction was performed following the same method described elsewhere (Keven, Walker, et al., 2019 (link)). PCR products were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (ABI 3730 Genetic Analyzer, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) with LIZ 500 (Applied Biosystems) as internal size standard. Genotypes were determined using Peak Scanner software version 1.0 (Applied Biosystems) and alleles were represented by fragment size in base pairs. True off‐ladder alleles were distinguished from false off‐ladder calls due to rounding errors in allele scoring (based on the local Southern algorithm) by overlaying the electropherogram of all samples and manually identifying those samples with true off‐ladder peaks.
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