Hepanostika hbsag uniform 2

HIV serostatus was determined using double ELISA testing (Murex HIV-1.2.O, Abbott Murex, UK and Vironostika^® HIV Uni-form II Ag/Ab, Biomérieux, The Netherlands). CD4+ count was estimated using the FlowCARE™ PLG CD4 (CD45-FITC/CD4-PE) assay (Beckman Coulter, CA, USA) and HIV-1-RNA with RealTime HIV-1 assay (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA). HCV antibody testing was performed using the Genedia HCV ELISA 3.0 (Green Cross Medical Science, Chungbuk, Korea). HCV RNA was ascertained using the RealTime HCV assay (Abbott Molecular Inc., Des Plaines, IL, USA). Chronic HBV infection was measured by presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (Hepanostika HBsAg Uniform II, Biomérieux, The Netherlands). Plasma glucose, tryglicerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol were measured using an enzymatic methods (Olympus AU400; Olympus Diagnostica, Tokyo, Japan). Plasma insulin was measured by immunoassay (ELISA) using a Bioscience kit (Monobind kit, Monobind Inc., Lake Forest, CA, USA). Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA–IR) was calculated as (fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) x fasting insulin (μU/mL)/22.5).

All donated blood samples were screened for HIV-1 and 2 using a Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II Ag/Ab fourth generation ELISA (Bio-Merieux, Boxtel, Netherlands). Syphilis seropositivity was tested by using rapid plasma reagin (RPR) (Omega Immutrep-RPR®, UK) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Reactive samples to RPR were confirmed by using Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) (Omega Immutrep TPHA®, UK). The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (Hepanostika HBsAg UNi-Form II, Bio-Merieux, Boxtel, Netherlands) and anti-HCV antibody (HumanGasellschaft for Biochemical and diagnostic GMbH, Germany) were determined using ELISA technique according to the manufacturer’s instruction. The sensitivity and specificity of each assay are presented in S1 Table.