Goat anti rabbit and goat anti mouse horseradish peroxidase conjugates

Silibinin (purity >98 %), recombinant human IL-1β, collagenase type II, Safranin-O/Fast Green and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cell-Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo (Kumamoto, Japan). Primary antibodies against COX-2, iNOS, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Primary antibodies against p65, p-p65, IkBα, p-IkBα, PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt and p-Akt were purchased from Cell Signaling Techonology (Beverly, MA, USA). Goat anti-rabbit and goat anti-mouse horseradish peroxidase conjugates were purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Calif., USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), bovine serum albumin (BSA), Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM)/Ham’s F12 medium and 0.25% trypsin-ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid (trypsin–EDTA) were purchased from Gibco (Life Technologies Corp. Carlsbad, Calif., USA). TRIzol reagent was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, Calif., USA). QuantiTect Reverse Transcription kit was purchased from Qiagen (Valencia, CA). SYBR Green Master Mix was purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Calif., USA). ELISA kits of PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 were purchased from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Griess reagent was purchased from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). All other chemicals were of reagent grade.

Exosome-free fetal bovine serum was purchased from ABW (Uruguay); Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium high-glucose (DMEM-H) was purchased from Hyclone (Boston, USA); antibiotic mixture (penicillin and streptomycin) was obtained from Invitrogen (CA, USA); 0.22 μm filter was purchased from Millipore (USA); polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 was obtained from Sigma (USA); BCA protein concentration assay kit, constant temperature incubator, and cryostat centrifuge were purchased from Thermo Scientific (USA); size exclusion chromatography and filtration kit were purchased from Echo Biotech (Beijing, China); primary antibodies against CD9, CD63, Flotillin-1, and calnexin were purchased from CST (Cambridge, MA, USA); goat anti-rabbit and goat anti-mouse horseradish peroxidase conjugates were purchased from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Proteintech, USA); inverted phase contrast microscope was obtained from Olympus (Japan); nanoparticle tracking analyzer was obtained from PMX (Germany); transmission electron microscope H-7650 was obtained from Hitachi (Japan).