Phenyllactic acid pla

The reagents used were all of analytical grade (purity > 98%): DL-lactic acid and butyric acid purchased from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland), acetic acid from Riedel-de-Haën (Seelze, Germany), L-(+)-tartaric acid, formic, citric acid, benzoic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, propionic acid, DL-p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid (HO-PLA), sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, glycerol, and phenyllactic acid (PLA) bought from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Phosphoric acid 85% and oxalic acid were supplied by Merck (Hamburg, Germany), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) from LOBA Chemie (Fischamend, Austria), HPLC-grade water and 0.1 and 1 N sodium hydroxide solutions were purchased from Agilent Technologies (USA). All solvents (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and solutions were filtered through 0.2-μm membranes (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Peptone water and MRS broth media were purchased from Oxoid Ltd. (Hampshire, UK).

T-2 toxin and phenyllactic acid (PLA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France). Stock solutions were, respectively, prepared in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France) and in acetonitrile–water (30:70 v/v) mixture and stored at −18 °C before use. Solvents used for T-2 toxin extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were of analytical grade quality and purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Illkirch, France). Ultrapure water used for HPLC was purified at 0.22 µm by an ELGA purification system (ELGA LabWater, High Wycombe, UK).

T-2 toxin and phenyllactic acid (PLA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France). Stock solutions were prepared in dimethylsulfoxyd (DMSO) and acetonitrile–water (30:70 v/v) mixture, respectively, and stored at −18 °C until use. Solvents used for T-2 toxin extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were analytical grade quality and purchased from Thermo-Fisher Scientific (Illkirch, France). Ultrapure water used for HPLC was purified at 0.22 µm by an ELGA purification system (ELGA LabWater, High Wycombe, United Kingdom).