4 o hydroxybenzoic acid

Rosmarinic acid and the 7-O-glucoside derivatives of apigenin, luteolin, eriodyctiol, quinic acid, caffeic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-hydroxybenzoic acid, salvianolic acid B, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and 4-O-coumaric acid were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France). Trolox, sulforhodamine B (SRB), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical, acetic acid, ellipticine, trypan blue, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), Tris, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), carnosol, nisin, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co (St Louis, MO, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), L-glutamine, trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), penicillin/streptomycin solution (100 U/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively), Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) were from Hyclone (Logan, Utah, UT, USA). The Griess reagent system was purchased from Promega Corporation (Madison, WI, USA). Mueller-Hinton agar was from VWR (Prolabo Chemicals, USA); formic acid and ethanol was from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). n-Hexane, methanol, and acetonitrile were purchased from Lab-Scan (Lisbon, Portugal). Purified water was obtained from a Direct-Q^® water purification system (Merck Life Science, Darmstadt, Germany).

Rosmarinic acid, the 7-O-glucoside derivatives of apigenin, luteolin and eriodictyol, caffeic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-hydroxybenzoic acid, salvianolic acid B, ferulic acid, and 4-O-coumaric acid were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France). Gallic acid, nisin, ascorbic acid, trolox, sulforhodamine B (SRB), DPPH^• (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical, acetic acid, ellipticine, trypan blue, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), Tris, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), nisin, and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co (St Louis, MO, USA). Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, Na₂CO₃, formic acid and ethanol were purchased from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain). n-hexane, methanol and acetonitrile with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purity were purchased from Lab-Scan (Lisbon, Portugal). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), l-glutamine, trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), penicillin/streptomycin solution (100 U/mL and 100 mg/mL, respectively), RPMI 1640 and DMEM media were obtained from Hyclone (Logan, Utah, UT, USA). The Griess reagent system was purchased from Promega Corporation (Madison, WI, USA). Mueller-Hinton agar was purchased from VWR (Prolabo Chemicals, West Chester, PA, USA). Purified water was obtained from a Direct-Q^® water purification system (Merck Life Science, Darmstadt, Germany).