CT imaging examinations were performed using the Philips ICT 256 and the Philips IQon spectral CT. Device parameters are as follows: tube voltage 120 kV or 130kv, with activated automatic tube current modulation, collimation 64 × 0.6 mm (Philips ICT 256) or 64 × 0.625 mm (Philips IQon spectral CT); pitch 0.9; image matrix 512× 512; slice thickness/slice interval 1 mm/1 mm (Philips ICT 256) or 0.683 mm/0.751 mm (Philips IQon spectral CT). Pixel spacing 0.605-0.751mm. The patients were scanned from the hemidiaphragm to the pelvic foor.The patients were injected with 100 mL of iopamidol or 80 mL of ioversol intravenously, followed by a 50 mL saline chaser at a rate of 3 mL/s. Corticomedullary-phase, nephrographic-phase, and excretory-phase images were obtained at 30 s, 60 s, and 300 s after the threshold was achieved in the thoracoabdominal aorta junction, respectively.
Ict 256
Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in Germany, United States, Japan, Netherlands
The ICT 256 is a laboratory equipment product from Philips. It is a precision instrument designed for scientific applications. The core function of the ICT 256 is to provide accurate and reliable measurements for research and analysis purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Brilliance 64, by Philips (17 mentions)
Somatom definition as, by Siemens (12 mentions)
Discovery ct750 hd, by GE Healthcare (7 mentions)
Iqon spectral ct, by Philips (7 mentions)
Ultravist 370, by Bayer (5 mentions)
Ingenuity ct, by Philips (5 mentions)
Mx8000, by Philips (4 mentions)
Somatom definition flash, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Dose right, by Philips (4 mentions)
Stellant d, by Bayer (4 mentions)
Lightspeed vct 64, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Somatom sensation 64, by Siemens (3 mentions)
Lightspeed vct, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Optima ct670, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Briliance 64, by Philips (3 mentions)
Aquilion one tsx 301c 320, by Toshiba (2 mentions)
Biograph 64, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Aquilion prime, by Toshiba (2 mentions)
Ict 128, by Philips (2 mentions)
Uct 780, by United Imaging (2 mentions)
91 protocols using ict 256
1
Contrast-Enhanced CT Imaging Protocol
2
Quantifying Bone Mineral Density from CT Scans
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BMD measurements were performed in patients that received CT in a time period ± 1 month around the MR imaging sessions. CT images were acquired with one dual-layer dual-energy CT scanner (IQon Spectral CT, Philips Healthcare) and one multislice detector CT scanner (iCT 256, Philips Healthcare). CT was performed according to our routine clinical protocols: collimation, 0.6 mm; pixel spacing, 0.4/0.3 mm; pitch factor, 0.8/0.9; tube voltage (peak), 120 kV; modulated tube current, 102–132 mA. Images were reformatted in 3-mm slice thickness using a bone-specific convolution kernel.
For BMD measurements, a mid-line 15mm MPR section in sagittal reformations was created with a PACS tool (IDS7, Sectra). Cylindrical volumes of interest were manually positioned in the non-fractured lumbar vertebrae by one radiologist (G.C.F.), and mean Hounsfield Units (HU) were noted (23 (link)). Fractured or otherwise altered vertebrae (e.g. vertebrae with severe degenerative changes, vertebrae after vertebro-/kyphoplasty) were excluded. The HU values were then converted into BMD using conversion equations as previously described: (i) 0.928 x HU + 4.5 mg/cm3 for the IQon Spectral CT, (ii) 0.855 x HU + 1.172 mg/cm3 for the Philips iCT 256 (24 (link), 25 (link)). Osteoporosis was defined as BMD < 80 mg/cm3 and osteopenia as 80 ≤ BMD ≤ 120 mg/cm3 (26 ).
For BMD measurements, a mid-line 15mm MPR section in sagittal reformations was created with a PACS tool (IDS7, Sectra). Cylindrical volumes of interest were manually positioned in the non-fractured lumbar vertebrae by one radiologist (G.C.F.), and mean Hounsfield Units (HU) were noted (23 (link)). Fractured or otherwise altered vertebrae (e.g. vertebrae with severe degenerative changes, vertebrae after vertebro-/kyphoplasty) were excluded. The HU values were then converted into BMD using conversion equations as previously described: (i) 0.928 x HU + 4.5 mg/cm3 for the IQon Spectral CT, (ii) 0.855 x HU + 1.172 mg/cm3 for the Philips iCT 256 (24 (link), 25 (link)). Osteoporosis was defined as BMD < 80 mg/cm3 and osteopenia as 80 ≤ BMD ≤ 120 mg/cm3 (26 ).
3
Multimodal Chest CT Imaging Protocols
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Chest CT images were acquired using one of the nine different systems (Sensation 64, Somatom Definition Flash, Somatom Force, Somatom Definition AS+; Siemens Healthineers; Discovery CT750 HD, Revolution EVO, Revolution CT, LightSpeed VCT: GE Healthcare, and iCT 256, Philips Healthcare). Images were obtained by modulating the tube voltage (usually at 120 kVp) and current (standard mAs and low mAs), leading to two different categories of radiation doses: standard and low dose. In addition, the slice thickness (thin sections [1 or 1.25 mm], medium sections [2 or 3 mm], and thick sections [5 mm]) and image reconstruction algorithms (filtered back projection and iterative reconstruction) varied. Detailed imaging parameters and their modulations are presented in Supplementary Table 1 .
Non-contrast cardiac CT for calcium scoring was acquired using one of eight different systems (Somatom Definition Flash, Somatom Force, Somatom Definition AS+; Siemens Healthineers; Revolution EVO, Revolution CT, LightSpeed VCT; GE Healthcare; iCT 256: Philips Healthcare; and Aquilion ONE: Toshiba). Detailed imaging parameters and their modulations are presented inSupplementary Table 2 .
Non-contrast cardiac CT for calcium scoring was acquired using one of eight different systems (Somatom Definition Flash, Somatom Force, Somatom Definition AS+; Siemens Healthineers; Revolution EVO, Revolution CT, LightSpeed VCT; GE Healthcare; iCT 256: Philips Healthcare; and Aquilion ONE: Toshiba). Detailed imaging parameters and their modulations are presented in
4
Chest CT Imaging Protocol for Research
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All patients underwent HRCT using multidetector CT (MDCT) systems (Lightspeed VCT/64, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA; Toshiba Aquilion ONE TSX-301C/320, Toshiba, Tochigi, Japan; Philips iCT/256, Philips, Amsterdam, Netherlands). During a single breath-hold, we craniocaudally scanned the whole chest of each participant from the lung apex to the lowest hemidiaphragm. Acquisition parameters and reconstruction parameters were in accordance with CT standards: tube voltage of 100–120 kV, tube current of 100–300 mAs, section thickness of 0.625–1 mm, table speed of 39.37 mm/s, gantry rotation time of 0.8 s, and reconstruction increment of 1–1.25 mm. All participants assumed a supine position with their hands raised above their heads to undertake the scan.
5
Quantitative CT for Bone Mineral Density
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CT images were acquired using either a dual-layer dual-energy CT (IQon Spectral CT, Philips Healthcare, Amsterdam, The Netherlands) or a multislice detector CT (MDCT) (Philips iCT 256, Philips Healthcare). All CT scans were obtained in the craniocaudal direction with the patient in a supine position, 120 kV, and an adaptive tube load with a maximum of 250 mAs. BMD values were derived from asynchronously calibrated quantitative CT examinations, as described previously [22 (link)]. In brief, mean Hounsfield unit (HU) values were derived from circular ROIs in all lumbar vertebrae in representative slices using the IDS7 PACS (Sectra AB, Linkoeping, Sweden). BMD values were then calculated from the average HU values with conversion equations derived from asynchronous calibration, as described previously [22 (link),25 (link)]. A random sample of 10 subjects was chosen and reanalyzed by the same radiologist after 4 weeks in order to calculate the intrareader reproducibility.
6
High-Resolution Chest CT Imaging Protocol
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All cases were scanned from the lung apex to the lung base in a supine position with full inspiration using a multislice spiral CT scanner (Lightspeed VCT/64, GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA; Toshiba Aquilion ONE TSX-301C/320, Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan; Philips iCT/256, Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and Siemens FLASH Dual Source CT, Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). The acquisition and reconstruction parameters of HRCT scans were as follows: tube voltage of 100–120 kV, tube current of 100–300 mAs, section thickness setting of 0.625 to 1 mm, table speed of 39.37 mm/s, gantry rotation time of 0.8 s, and reconstruction increment of 1 mm.
7
Abdominal CT Lesion Characterization
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Each CT examination was reviewed independently by two abdominal radiologists, with 3 and 10 years of experience, respectively, who were blinded to the patients’ pathological data, in order to exclude the lesions with gross fat component or showing median attenuation less than 10 HU, by applying a single region of interest (ROI) encompassing more than 50% of the target lesion in the axial plane demonstrating the maximal lesion extent. Disagreements between the readers were resolved through consensus.
The CT studies analyzed after the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria were acquired on 4 different multidetector scanners: Philips Brilliance 64 (Philips Medical Systems), GE Lightspeed VCT (GE Healthcare), Philips iCT 256 (Philips Medical Systems), Siemens Biograph 64 (Siemens Medical solutions).
The CT examinations were acquired using standard acquisition parameters adjusted to patients’ biometrics and accordingly to the purpose of the investigation (10–400 effective mAs, 120 kVp, 1.375–1.75 pitch, and 1.5–3 mm slice reconstruction thickness). Images were reconstructed using a standard soft tissue kernel used in clinical practice (namely for GE – standard, Philips – B. Siemens – Qr40).
The CT studies analyzed after the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria were acquired on 4 different multidetector scanners: Philips Brilliance 64 (Philips Medical Systems), GE Lightspeed VCT (GE Healthcare), Philips iCT 256 (Philips Medical Systems), Siemens Biograph 64 (Siemens Medical solutions).
The CT examinations were acquired using standard acquisition parameters adjusted to patients’ biometrics and accordingly to the purpose of the investigation (10–400 effective mAs, 120 kVp, 1.375–1.75 pitch, and 1.5–3 mm slice reconstruction thickness). Images were reconstructed using a standard soft tissue kernel used in clinical practice (namely for GE – standard, Philips – B. Siemens – Qr40).
8
COVID-19 Chest CT Imaging Protocol
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All patients received thin-section chest CT examinations. The median time from illness onset to initial CT scan was 6 days (IQR 4–8). All examinations were imaged with Philips iCT 256 (Philips; Amsterdam, Netherlands) without intravenous contrast materials. The CT protocols were as follows: tube voltage, 120 kV; automatic tube current, 30–300 mA; rotation time, 0.75s; collimation, 0.625 mm; pitch, 0.945; matrix, 512 × 512; section thickness, 5 mm; breath hold at full inspiration. The images were transmitted to the workstation and picture achieving and communication systems (PACS) for multiplanar reconstruction and post-processing.
9
CT Scanning Parameters for Imaging
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CT scans were performed using Discovery CT750 HD (GE Healthcare), Philips iCT 256 (Koninklijke Philips N.V.) and Somatom Sensation 64 (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Scanning parameters were as follows: tube voltage, 120 kVp; tube current, 150–200 mA; the layer thickness of the axial image was 5-mm and the layer spacing was 5-mm; the reconstruction layer thickness was 1.25-mm and the reconstruction interval was 1.25-mm.
10
Standardized Multi-Scanner CT Imaging
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CT scans ranged from the thoracic inlet to the level of the lower edge of the 12th rib were completed by three spiral CT scanners (Discovery CT750 HD, GE Healthcare; Philips iCT 256, Koninklijke Philips N.V.; Somatom Sensation 64, Siemens Healthineers). Scanning parameters were as follows: (1) tube voltage 120 kVp, tube current adjusted automatically for the Sensation 64 scanner, and (2) tube voltage 120 kVp, tube current 150 to 200 mA for the other two scanners. For all scanners, 0.5-1.0 second tube rotation time, and field of view (FOV): 350 mm; matrix, 512 × 512; the layer thickness and spacing were both 5 mm; the reconstruction layer thickness and spacing were both 1.25 mm. All images were exported in DICOM format to facilitate feature extraction.
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