Ethyl acetate

The 4-methoxybenzoic acid, pyridine-2,6-dicarbaldehyde, phosphorous oxychloride, carbohydrazide, isocyanate and isothiocyanates, Hydrazine hydrate (80%), TEA, CS₂, KOH, sodium hydrogen carbonate, and glacial acetic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany. The chloride salts of the transition metals were obtained from Aldrich and Alfa Aesar. Ethanol, mEthanol, chloroform, deionized water, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, toluene (Samchun Chemicals, Seoul, Korea), H₂SO₄, acetic acid, and HCl (Jin Chemical and Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea) were used in this experiment. Urease from jack bean (EC 3.5.1.5), Thio-urea, sodium nitroprusside, and active chloride were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Stock solutions of the reducing substrates were prepared in phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH 6.8).

Butyl acrylate (>99%), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (>99%), ethyl acrylate (>99%), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (>95%), acrylic acid (>99%), abietic acid (>80%), triethylamine (>99%), and 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (>98%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry. Tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane triglycidyl ether (>95%) and dibutyltin dilaurate (95%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Korea Ltd. (Yongin, Korea). Toluene (99.5%), ethyl acetate (99.5%), and methyl ethyl ketone (99.5%) were purchased from Samchun Chemical (Pyeongtaek, Korea). Azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, 98%) was purchased from Junsei Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). All chemicals were used as received without further purification. The epoxy crosslinker was used after dilution to a solid content of 5 wt% with Toluene. A 17-μm-thick graphite sheet was purchased from Tanyuan technology (Changzhou, China). A silicone-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film were purchased from SKC (Seoul, Korea). A stainless steel (SS) plate was purchased from MMSTECH (Bucheon, Korea). The micro structure of the g-TC film was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM, JSM 6380, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) and a digital microscope (MXB-5000REZ, HIROX, Tokyo, Japan).

Poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA: 50/50, Mw: 33,000 Da) was purchased from Birmingham Polymers, Inc. (Birmingham, AL, USA). Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, 87–89% hydrolyzed, Mw: 85,000–124,000 Da), Dex, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), maleic anhydride, fluorescein (FI), IR-783, 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)-4-methyl-morpholinium chloride (DMTMM), sodium azide, propargyl amine, copper sulfate, ascorbic acid, and pyridine were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethyl acetate, acetonitrile (ACN), toluene, and ether were used as received from Samchun (Gyeonggi, Korea). Dimethylformamide (DMF) were acquired from Junsei Chemical Co. (Chuo-ku, Tokyo), whereas methyltetrazine-PEG4-amine (TET) and trans-cyclooctene-amine (TCO) were from Click Chemistry Tools (Scottsdale, AZ, USA). Pluronic F-127 was used as received from BASF SE (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and used without further purification. HA (1.0 MDa) was used as received from Humedix (Gyeonggi, Korea).

All chemicals used in the experiments were purchased from commercial sources: 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (Nanjing Sunshine Chemical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China), 6-Bromo-1-hexanol (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), 3-Bromo-1-propanol (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1,4-Benzenedimethanol (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), tert-Butyl(chloro)diphenylsilane (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), imidazole (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA), erythritol (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), hexamethylene diisocyanate (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), 4,4′-diisocyanato-methylenedicyclohexane (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), cesium carbonate (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), tetrabutylammonium fluoride (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA), dibutyltin dilaurate (TCI, Tokyo, Japan), ammonium chloride (Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea), sodium sulfate (Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea), all solvents including dichloromethane, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide (Samchun Chemical, Seoul, Korea) and deuterated solvents for nuclear magnetic resonance (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Tewksbury, MA, USA).