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GPNMB is a glycoprotein that is expressed on the cell surface. It functions as a transmembrane protein and is involved in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.

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3 protocols using gpnmb

1

Immunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry Protocols

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For immunohistochemistry experiments, antibodies against Tfeb/TFEB (Cat. No. A303-673A, Bethyl Laboratories), cathepsin B (CTSB; Cat. No. 31718, Cell Signaling Technologies), cathepsin D (CTSD; Cat. No. 2284, Cell Signaling Technologies), transcription factor E3 (TFE3; Cat. No. PA5-54909, Invitrogen), phospho-rpS6:Ser235/236 (Cat. No. 4858, Cell Signaling Technologies), and glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB; Cat. No. PA5-42585, Thermo Fisher Scientific) were used. For immunocytochemistry experiments, TFEB (Cat. No. PA1-31552, Invitrogen), late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor and MAPK and mTOR activator 4 (LAMTOR4; Cat. No. 13140, Cell Signaling Technologies), light chain 3B (LC3B; Cat. No. ab192890, Abcam), and sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/p62 (Cat. No. 23214, Cell Signaling Technologies) were used. For three-dimensional (3-D) cyst culture experiments, TFEB (Cat. No. A303-673A, Bethyl Laboratories) was used.
Fluorescent-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Gt α rabbit DyLight 488, Cat. No. ab96899; Gt α mouse DyLight 488, Cat. No. ab96879; Gt α mouse DyLight 550, Cat. No. ab96872; and Gt α rabbit DyLight 550, Cat. No. ab96884).
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Collagen and Markers

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Cells grown in 6-well plates were lysed in RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors. The blots were probed with antibodies against collagen I (COL1, Abcam), α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA, Abcam), ADAM10 (Novus), CD44, and GPNMB (both from Cell Signaling Technology). For loading control, the blots were immunoblotted with antibodies against β-actin (Sigma) or GAPDH (Cell Signaling Technology). Band quantification was performed using ImageJ (14 (link)).
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3

Immunoblotting for Cellular Signaling Pathways

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Whole‐cell or lysosome‐enriched fractions were utilized for immunoblotting as described previously [32 (link)]. The primary antibodies used were as follows (all were used at 1:1000 unless otherwise noted): GPNMB [#38313, Cell Signaling Technology (CST); 1:500], TSC2 (#4308, CST), Phospho‐p70 S6 Kinase (Thr389) (#9205, CST), p70 S6 Kinase (#9202, CST), Phospho‐S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser235/236) (#4858, CST), S6 Ribosomal Protein (#2317, CST), Phospho‐4E‐BP1 (Ser65) (#9451, CST), total 4E‐BP1 (#9644, CST), TFE3 (#14779, CST), TFEB (#4240, CST), Phospho‐Akt (S473) (#4060, CST), Phospho‐Akt (T308) (#2965, CST), Akt (pan) (#4691, CST), Phospho‐FoxO1(Thr24)/FoxO3a(Thr32)/FoxO4(Thr28) (#2599, CST), FoxO1 (#2880, CST), BECN1 (#3495, CST), beta‐actin (#4970, CST), GAPDH (#5174, CST).
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