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5 protocols using angiopoietin 1

1

Immunofluorescence Staining of Signaling Proteins

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40,000 cells/well were seeded in Labtek slides, followed by fixation in Formalin after overnight incubation. After fixing, the background produced from formalin was quenched with NH4Cl for 15 min and then samples were blocked and permeabilized with 0.5% Goat serum + Triton-X 0.3% in PBS for 2 h, prior to overnight incubation with primary antibodies: (p-CREB: 1:1000 (Cell Signaling 9198), PNCK 1:250 (Invitrogen PA5-99601) Angiopoietin 1 (Abcam 133425) 2.5μ/mL, Angiopoietin 2 (Abcam 153934) 1:500, Cyclin D1 (Abcam 16663) 1:150, p21 (Abcam 109520) 1:100, p27 (Cell Signaling 3886) 1:800, Cyclin A (Cell Signaling 67955) 1:500, Cyclin B2 (Abcam 185622) 1:300, Ki67 (Abcam 15580) 0.5μ/mL. Alexa Fluor 555 conjugated secondary antibodies (1:350) were used to visualized cells under fluorescent microscopy for overexpression experiments. Alexa Fluor 488 was used in dsiRNA knockdown experiments.
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2

Brain Protein Isolation and Western Blot Analysis

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Protein isolation from brain tissues was performed as described previously (Stetler et al., 2008 (link)). Western blot was performed using the standard SDS-PAGE method. PVDF membranes were blocked by 5% non-fat dried milk in TBS-T (10 mM Tris–HCl, 150 mM NaCl and 0.1% Tween) at room temperature for 1 hour. Then membranes were incubated with rabbit polyclonal antibodies directed against angiopoietin 1 (1:500, Abcam), angiopoietin 2 (1:500, Abcam), meteorin (1:500, R&D) and mouse monoclonal anti-β-actin antibody (1:1500, Sigma-Aldrich) overnight at 4°C. Chemilumiescence was detected with luminescencence detection system (Pierce, Rockford, USA) and semi-quantitatively analyzed by Quantity One 4.5.2 software (Bio-Rad, Hercules, USA). Data were quantified from 4 animals per group.
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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Proteins were extracted and separated on a 10% SDS-PAGE gel ahead of being transferred on PVDF membranes (Life Technologies, USA). Then, membranes were blocked in 5% BSA-TBST for 2 h and probed with different primary antibodies overnight such as Angiopoietin 1 (Abcam, ab102015, UK), GLP-1R (Novus, NBP1-97308SS, USA), p-β-catenin (Santa cruz, sc-57535, USA), TCF7L2 (Abways, CY5720, China), SFTPC (Abclonal, A11764, USA), β-catenin (Abways, CY3523, China), FGF10 (Abclonal, A1201, USA), PKA C-α (Cell signaling, D38C6, USA). GAPDH (Santa cruz, sc-166574, USA) or PCNA (Abways, AB0051, China) was used as a loading control of total and nuclei protein. An anti-rabbit HRP secondary antibody was used for detection with the ECL technique.
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4

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay Protocol

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ChIP assay was performed using EZ ChIP™ Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit (Millipore, upstate) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, cells cultured under the indicated conditions were fixed in 1% formaldehyde/PBS for 10 min at room temperature. After two washes with PBS, cells were resuspended in 0.5 ml of lysis buffer containing a protease inhibitor cocktail before sonication. DNA fragments from soluble chromatin preparations were approximately 400–800 bp in length. Immunoprecipitation (IP) was carried out overnight with Angiopoietin 1 (Abcam, ab102015, USA), SFTPC (Abclonal, A11764, USA), FGF10 (Abclonal, A1201, USA), or normal mouse IgG as a negative control. Protein A/G agarose was used to pull down the antigen-antibody compounds and then washed four times with washing buffers. The DNA-protein crosslinks were reversed with 5 M NaCl at 65 °C for 6 h, and DNA from each sample was purified. PCR was performed with 2 μl DNA samples with the following primers: SPC: forward, 5′-AAGAGATCCCTCTCCCAGCA-3′; reverse, 5′-TGGGGTTTGCCGCCATC-3′; Ang-1: forward, 5′-AACAATTTCTCCTTTGATAGGTGGT-3′; reverse, 5′-GCCTTTCCGGATATCATGACC-3′;
FGF-10: forward, 5′-TCGCCATAAAGTGCGTTTGC-3′; reverse, 5′-GCCCTTCACTGAATCATGCG-3′.
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5

Platelet Secretion Factors ELISA

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At the end of the incubation of platelets with or without the agonists and after taking platelet samples for analysis in flow cytometry and microscopy, supernatants of the remaining platelets were collected after two centrifugation steps: 12 min, 1200 g at RT and 3 min, 13000 g at RT. Aliquots of supernatants were kept frozen at −80°C until analysis. The following ELISAs were used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions: serotonin (GenWay, San Diego, CA, USA), platelet factor 4 (PF4) (RayBiotech, Norcross, GA, USA), TGF-β1 (Enzo Life Science, Villeurbanne, France) and angiopoietin-1 (Abcam, Paris, France).
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