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Antimony

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Antimony is a chemical element that can be used in various laboratory equipment and instruments. It is a metalloid with atomic number 51 and has a silvery-white appearance. Antimony is often used as a component in specialized alloys and coatings for scientific and industrial applications.

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3 protocols using antimony

1

Fabrication of Bi-Sb-Te Thermoelectrics

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According to the nominal composition of Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3+δ (δ = −0.03, −0.02, −0.01, 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03) are fabricated, raw materials, (bismuth (Bi, 99.99%; Alfa Aesar), antimony (Sb, 99.99%; Alfa Aesar), and tellurium (Te, 99.99%; Alfa Aesar)), were weighed and sealed into quartz tubes with the vacuum condition of 10−5 torr. Then, these tubes were heated up to 800 °C followed by furnace cooling after 10 h dwelling. 2 h of high‐energy ball milling on SPEX 8000M was used to crush the ingots into fine powders which were immediately condensed via spark plasma sintering (SPS) in an Φ12.7 mm graphite die at 400 °C with an axial pressure of 80 MPa for 5 min.
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of CeSb Crystals

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Single crystals of CeSb were synthesized using tin flux. Cerium (99.8%), antimony (99.9999%), and tin (99.999%) (all from Alfa Aesar) were added to an alumina crucible in a molar ratio of 1:1:20. The crucible was sealed in an evacuated quartz ampule before being heated over 8 hours at 1150°C, where it dwelled for 24 hours. Next, the ampule was cooled at 800°C over 24 hours, and then, it was centrifuged to remove excess tin. This procedure yielded 5- to 10-mm single crystals.
Temperature-dependent ARPES measurements were performed at the MERLIN Beamline 4.0.3 of the Advanced Light Source using both LH and LV polarizations from an elliptically polarized undulator. A Scienta R8000 electron spectrometer with 2D parallel detection of electron kinetic energy and angle in combination with a six-axis helium cryostat goniometer with 6 K of base temperature and <5 × 10–11 torr of base pressure was used. Total energy resolution of approximately 15 meV was used for measurements at hv = 122 eV corresponding to the Ce 4d-4f resonant enhancement of the f photoionization cross section.
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3

Synthesis of Polycrystalline Intermetallic Compounds

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Polycrystalline samples of all compounds were obtained by solid state reaction of the pressed elemental powders at high temperatures. These were synthesized using pure elements as received and stored in air of niobium (powder, 99.99%, Alfa Aesar), silicon (pieces, 99.95%, Alfa Aesar), antimony (shots, 99.999%, Alfa Aesar), copper (powder, 99.7%, Merck), palladium (powder, 99.999%, Acros Organics) and platinum (powder, 99.999%, Acros Organics). The elements were thoroughly mixed and ground in their stoichiometric ratios, then pressed into pellets, and subsequently sealed in quartz ampoules under 400 mbar of Ar. The quartz ampoules were heated to T = 1100 °C with a heating rate of 180 °C h−1, and annealed at this temperature for 7 days.
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