Cube-shaped dried calabash chalk was purchased from the local market of Sylhet, Bangladesh. The chemical analysis of the chalk samples was performed at the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR). The samples were oven-dried (electronic oven) at 105°C for 24 h prior to a microwave digestion (Application note: HPR-EN-13, Model: Start D, Milestone, Italy). Chemical constituents of the chalk were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS; Model: AA 7000, Shimadzu, Japan) with a direct Air-Acetylene Flame Method for Mg, Ca, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe, Al, Cr, and Pb. Potassium (K) was analyzed by Flame Photometer (Model: PFP 7, Jenway, UK). Arsenic (As) was analyzed by Continuous Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (Model: AA 7000, Shimadzu, Japan) with HVG (Hydride Vapor Generator, Model: HVG-1, Shimadzu, Japan) Unit; and the analysis of mercury (Hg) was done by Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method (Model: AA 7000, Shimadzu, Japan) with MVU (Mercury Vaporizer Unit, Model: MVU-1A, Shimadzu, Japan). Methods by the Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) were followed for all the tests [17 (link),18 (link),19 (link),20 (link),21 (link),22 (link)].
Hvg 1
Manufactured by Shimadzu
Sourced in Japan
The HVG-1 is a high-vacuum generation system manufactured by Shimadzu. The core function of the HVG-1 is to produce and maintain a high-vacuum environment for various analytical applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using hvg 1
1
Chemical Characterization of Chalks
2
Atomic Absorption Analysis of Arsenic
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Arsenic analysis in the sample solution was conducted using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS, Shimadzu AA-6300). In order to produce the hydrides of the metal ions, basic unit of continuous flow hydride vapor generator (HVG, Shimadzu HVG-1) was coupled to the AAS. In order to examine arsenic, the hollow cathode lamp was employed as sole light source, adjusted at 1937 Aº wavelength, 12 mA lamp-current and 7 Aº slit width with deuterium lamp for background correction. For the generation of flame for the AAS instrument grade (98%) acetylene was supplied at 4.0 L/min at a pressure of 0.9 kg/cm2, along with compressed air delivered with a flow rate of 17.5 L/min and gas pressure of 3.5 kg/cm2. High purity (99.99%) argon was used as purge gas at a 70.0 mL/min flow rate and 3.2 ± 0.2 kg/cm2 supply pressure.
3
Determination of Total Arsenic by AAS
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Total As concentration of the aliquots of kinetic and batch sorption experiments were determined using a Shimadzu AA-6300 atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with Shimadzu HVG-1 hydride vapor [65 ]. The absorption was measured at 193.7 nm wavelength using a slit-width of 0.7 nm, a lamp power supply of 7W, and an air/acetylene flame. In the hydride generation assembly, arsine (AsH3) produced by a premix of 0.4% NaBH4 and 0.5% NaOH solutions, was mixed with 5 M HCl in the mixing chamber [66 (link)]. The acid and the premix of NaBH4 and NaOH were, separately, pumped at a rate of one mL min−1 using a peristaltic pump to the gas–liquid separator chamber from where the AsH3 gas was carried to the flame by N2 gas at 0.32 MPa. The detection limit was 2.42 μg L−1 as determined by analyzing 10 blanks and calculating the standard deviation (σ = 0.26). The detection limit was a mean of 10 blank samples plus three times the standard deviation.
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