6400 automatic isoperibol calorimeter

Manufactured by Parr

Sourced in United States

The 6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter is a device designed for precise measurement of the heat of combustion or heat of reaction of solid, liquid, and gaseous samples. It operates on the isoperibol principle, maintaining a constant temperature environment during the measurement process.

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Lab products found in correlation

Ankom 200 fiber analyzer, by ANKOM Technology (2 mentions) Z 5000, by Hitachi (1 mentions) A2000i fiber analyzer, by ANKOM Technology (1 mentions) Ics 1100, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Qp2020 nx, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) 2400 series 2 chns o, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Agilent 720, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Toc l analyzer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) Aqf 2100h, by Mitsubishi (1 mentions) Z 5000 atomic absorption spectrophotometer, by Hitachi (1 mentions) Uv 1201, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) Tga 701, by Leco (1 mentions)

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Parr 6400 Calorimeter (14 citations) 6400 automatic isoperibol oxygen bomb calorimeter (2 citations)

9 protocols using 6400 automatic isoperibol calorimeter

Digestibility Determination of Fecal Samples

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The fecal samples were thawed at 4 °C, then dried at 65 °C for 72 h, the samples of feed and feces were ground through a 40-mesh (425 μm) screen before analysis. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and ash were analyzed in accordance with the Association of Official Analytical Chemists [20 ]; Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and Acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined with reference to the method of Vansoest et al. [21 (link)] (A2000i fiber analyzer, Ankom, Macedon, USA). The gross energy in feed and feces samples was analyzed using 6400-Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter (PARR, Moline, USA). The chromium levels in feed and feces were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Z-5000; Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) based on the methodology of Williams et al. [22 (link)] for calculating the ATTD with the following equation.
Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD, %) = 1 - (Cr _feed × Nutrient _feces) / (Cr _feces × Nutrient _feed).

Ma J., Long S., Wang J., Gao J, & Piao X. (2022). Microencapsulated essential oils combined with organic acids improves immune antioxidant capacity and intestinal barrier function as well as modulates the hindgut microbial community in piglets. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 13, 16.

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Comprehensive Characterization of Food Waste Biochar

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The heating value of the food waste-based biochar was measured using a bomb calorimeter (6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter, Parr, Moline, IL, USA). For chlorine measurement, an ion chromatograph (AQF-2100H, Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan) was used. Proximate analysis was conducted according to the American Society for Testing and Materials D7582 experimental standard. For ultimate analysis, 2400 series II CHNS/O (Perkin Elmer, Boston, MA, USA) was used. The heavy metals in bio-SRF were analyzed using a mercury analyzer (M7600, Teledyne, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA), and an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (Agilent 720, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used to analyze ionic components. To analyze saltwater quality, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were analyzed using a standard method [62 ]. Total organic carbon (TOC) was analyzed using a TOC-L analyzer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, and bromide ions were analyzed using an ion chromatograph (ICS-1100, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The remaining volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed using a high-sensitivity (HS)–gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (QP2020NX, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).

Ahn K.H., Shin D.C., Lee Y.E., Jeong Y., Jung J, & Kim I.T. (2023). Biochar Production and Demineralization Characteristics of Food Waste for Fuel Conversion. Molecules, 28(16), 6114.

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Nutrient Digestibility Analysis in Fecal Samples

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The fecal samples were defrosted at 4 °C and subsequently dried at 65 °C within an oven for 72 h. The feed and fecal samples were crushed and sieved through 40 mesh. Dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP) ether extract (EE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were determined based on the methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) [15 ], respectively. Organic matter (OM) was calculated (OM (%) = 1-Ash (DM-basis) × 100%). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined with reference to the method of van Soest et al. [16 (link)] using a filter bag and ANKOM200 fiber analyzer (Ankom, USA). Gross energy (GE) was analyzed using a 6400 automatic isoperibol calorimeter (Parr, USA). Chromium (Cr) level was determined by Z-5000 atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Hitachi, Japan), according to the methodology of Williams et al. [17 (link)], to calculate the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients with the following equation:

Ma J., Ma H., Liu S., Wang J., Wang H., Zang J., Long S, & Piao X. (2022). Effect of Mulberry Leaf Powder of Varying Levels on Growth Performance, Immuno-Antioxidant Status, Meat Quality and Intestinal Health in Finishing Pigs. Antioxidants, 11(11), 2243.

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Quantifying Energy Metabolism in Mice

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The bedding of single‐caged mice was collected, and the ingested food ingestion from the individual mice was assessed. All the stools were manually collected. After overnight dissecation at 60°C, the samples were weighted and frozen for further analysis. The amount of feces produced per mouse was compared with the amount of food consumed and the weight gain. About 3 g of dried feces material was homogenized, and 1 g was pressed into a tablet and accurately weighted. Calorie content from feces and diet was measured in duplicates in a 6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter (Parr Instrument Company). To analyze energy excreted, the amount of energy in feces was compared with the amount of energy ingested (the product between grams of food and caloric content of the food). Lipid extraction from feces was performed as previously described (Kraus et al,2015).

Trujillo‐Viera J., El‐Merahbi R., Schmidt V., Karwen T., Loza‐Valdes A., Strohmeyer A., Reuter S., Noh M., Wit M., Hawro I., Mocek S., Fey C., Mayer A.E., Löffler M.C., Wilhelmi I., Metzger M., Ishikawa E., Yamasaki S., Rau M., Geier A., Hankir M., Seyfried F., Klingenspor M, & Sumara G. (2021). Protein Kinase D2 drives chylomicron‐mediated lipid transport in the intestine and promotes obesity. EMBO Molecular Medicine, 13(5), e13548.

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Broiler Nutrient Digestibility Assessment

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At 2 and 4 weeks, 0.2% chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) was added
as an indigestible indicator in all broiler diets for fecal sampling. While
collecting feces, the diet was also collected, and immediately stored in a
freezer at −20°C. Before analyzing nutrient digestibility,
fecal samples were dried at 70°C for 72 h and then crushed on a 1 mm
screen. The DM, crude protein (CP), and gross energy (GE) of diet and feces
samples were all analyzed according to the method of AOAC [21 ]. The DM analysis of samples was
performed in an oven at 105°C for 16 h. The CP was analyzed according
to the Kjeldahl method. An adiabatic oxygen bomb calorimeter (6400 Automatic
Isoperibol calorimeter, Parr, Moline, IL, USA) was used to measure GE in
diets and feces. Chromium levels were determined via UV absorption
spectrophotometry (UV-1201, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) using Williams et al.
[22 (link)] method. The following
equation was used to calculate the apparent total tract digestibility
(ATTD).

Chang S., Song M., Lee J., Oh H., Song D., An J., Cho H., Park S., Jeon K., Lee B., Nam J., Chun J., Kim H, & Cho J. (2023). Effect of black soldier fly larvae as substitutes for fishmeal in broiler diet. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 65(6), 1290-1307.

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Bomb Calorimetry Analysis of SCS

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Energy content measurements of SCS before and after pretreatment and lignin-rich residues remaining after enzymatic hydrolysis were performed in a standard bomb calorimeter (Parr™ 6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter). All samples were dried in an oven at 30 °C until the MC was below 5%, milled to less than 0.5 mm, and then compressed into pellets using a hydraulic pelletizer before being weighed (~1.5 g of sample was used). Heat content was determined in a sealed steel bomb by burning the samples with an excess of oxygen at a pressure of 430 psi (30 bar).

Brenelli L.B., Bhatia R., Djajadi D.T., Thygesen L.G., Rabelo S.C., Leak D.J., Franco T.T, & Gallagher J.A. (2022). Xylo-oligosaccharides, fermentable sugars, and bioenergy production from sugarcane straw using steam explosion pretreatment at pilot-scale. Bioresource technology, 357.

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Comprehensive Characterization of Fuel Samples

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The samples were characterized for their GCV, AFT, proximate analysis, and ultimate analysis. The GCV was determined following the ASTM D5865/D5865M-19 method using Parr 6400 automatic isoperibol calorimeter (Parr Instrument Company, Moline, USA) (ASTM 2019). The AFT of the samples was assessed by following ASTM D1857/D1857M-18 method (ASTM 2018a). Brie y, the sample was combusted for 24 h at 750°C, and the residual ash was mechanically mixed, blended with dextrin, and molded into cone-shaped triangular pyramids. Finally, its melting behavior was observed over time by gradually increasing temperature in an electric furnace.
The proximate analysis, i.e., moisture, volatile matter (VM), xed carbon (FC), and ash content of samples were analyzed per ASTM D7582-15 method (ASTM 2016), using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA701 Leco Corp., St. Joseph, MI, USA). The ultimate analysis was performed according to the ASTM D5373-21 method using a FLASH 2000 elemental analyzer (Thermo Fisher Scienti c, Waltham, MA USA) to determine the quantity of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen in the samples (ASTM 2021). The sulfur content was analyzed using 5E-IRS3600 Automatic Infrared Sulfur Analyzer, CKIK (China), following the ASTM D4239-18 method (ASTM 2018b). The oxygen content of the samples was approximated through a pre-calculated mass balance of the samples.

Zaib Q., Park S., Behera S.K., Mahanty B., Zafar M., Park H.S, & Kyung D. (2023). Optimization of low-grade coal and refuse-derived fuel blends for improved co-combustion behavior in coal-fired power plants. Environmental science and pollution research international, 30(55).

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Comprehensive Bread Characterization

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Moisture content was determined using an infrared moisture analyzer (Infrared moisture determination balance FD-720, KETT Electric Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan). The ash, crude protein, and crude fat content of the ALC bread samples were determined using the methods recommended by AOAC International [28 ]. The calorie content was measured using an oxygen bomb calorimeter (Parr 6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter, Parr Instrument Inc., Co., Moline, IL, USA). The specific volume of bread was measured using a volscan profiler (Stable Micro Systems VolScan Profiler, Stable Micro systems Inc., Godalming, UK).

Lee H.S., Kim K.H., Park S.H., Hur S.W, & Auh J.H. (2020). Amylose-Lipid Complex as a Fat Replacement in the Preparation of Low-Fat White Pan Bread. Foods, 9(2), 194.

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Chemical Analysis of Animal Feed

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Feed samples were collected on a weekly basis, dried at 59 °C for 48 h, and grinded in a cutting mill (Retsch SM200, Retsch GmbH, Germany) with a 1.0 mm sieve. The samples were analyzed in duplicates. The chemical analyses were performed at LabTek, Department of Animal and Aquacultural Science, NMBU, Ås, Norway. Briefly, gross energy was determined using a PARR 6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter (Parr Instruments, Moline, IL, USA) [10 ]. DM, ash, and total nitrogen (N) were determined according to EC Regulation No 152/2009 [11 ], and crude protein (CP) was calculated as N × 6.25. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined using the filter bag technique in an Ankom 200 Fiber Analyzer (Ankom Technology, Macedon, NY, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Starch content was determined according to the AOAC method 996.11 [12 ] using an RX Daytona + spectrophotometer for glucose analysis (Randox Laboratories Ltd., Crumlin, UK).

Grabež V., Devle H., Kidane A., Mydland L.T., Øverland M., Ottestad S., Berg P., Kåsin K., Ruud L., Karlsen V., Živanović V, & Egelandsdal B. (2023). Sugar Kelp (Saccharina latissima) Seaweed Added to a Growing-Finishing Lamb Diet Has a Positive Effect on Quality Traits and on Mineral Content of Meat. Foods, 12(11), 2131.

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