Mouse monoclonal antibodies against β actin and histone

The protease inhibitor mixture, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), was acquired from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Rabbit polyclonal antibody against peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) α, mouse monoclonal antibodies against β-actin and histone, and goat polyclonal antibody against mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP)-2 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Rabbit monoclonal antibody against LKB1 and phospho-LKB1 and rabbit polyclonal antibodies against acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), phospho-ACC, AMPKα, and phospho-AMPKα were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA, USA). Goat polyclonal antibody carnitine palmitoyltransferase- (CPT-) 1 was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents and nitrocellulose membranes were supplied by GE Healthcare (Buckinghamshire, UK). Goat anti-rabbit, rabbit anti-goat, and goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) horseradish peroxidase- (HRP-) conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from GeneTex, Inc. (Irvine, LA, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Chicoric acid was acquired from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).

(±)-L-Alliin, trans-ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid (Fig. 1) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123), and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) were obtained from Sigma-Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2’,7’-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was obtained from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). The protease inhibitor mixture and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). BCA protein assay kit (bicinchoninic acid) was obtained from Thermo Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies against superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NF-кBp65, goat polyclonal antibodies against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and mouse monoclonal antibodies against β-actin and histone were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Goat anti-rabbit and goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG) horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies were acquired from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. ECL Western Blotting Detection Reagents were supplied by GE Healthcare (Piscataway, NJ, USA).Fig. 1

Identification of chemical ingredients of root extract of Allium hookeri