Ovtoko

Human GBC cell lines were obtained as follows: GBC-SD and SGC-996, from the Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (Shanghai, China), and OCUG-1 and NOZ were from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources JCRB cell Bank (Osaka, Japan). Human ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma cell lines OVTOKO were also obtained from the JCRB Cell Bank. GBC-SD and OVTOKO cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco, NY, USA), SGC-996 and OCUG-1 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (Gibco), and NOZ cells were cultured in William’s E medium (Gibco), with all media supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco), 10 units/ml penicillin, and 10 mg/ml streptomycin (1% P/S, Thermo Scientific HyClone, UT, USA). All cell lines were incubated at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ and subcultured during the logarithmic phase. GBC cell lines and OVTOKO cells were authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling, as described previously. The short tandem repeat profiles are presented in Supplementary Figure S2.

RMG-I [32] (link), OVMANA [33] (link), OVTOKO [34] (link), OVISE [34] (link), OVSAHO [33] (link), and OVKATE [33] (link) cells were obtained from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources Cell Bank. OVCAR-3 cells [35] (link) were obtained from the RIKEN BioResource Center. PEO1, PEO4, PEO14, PEO23 [17] (link), and A2780 [36] (link) cells were purchased from the European Collection of Cell Cultures, and TOV21G [37] (link) and ES-2 [38] (link) cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection. RMG-I cells were cultured in Ham’s F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, ES-2 cells in McCoy’s 5a medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, TOV21G cells in MCDB105/Medium 199 (1∶1) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and HeLa cells in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. All other cell lines (A2780, OVCAR-3, OVMANA, OVTOKO, OVISE, OVSAHO, OVKATE, PEO1, PEO4, PEO14, and PEO23) were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA).