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26 protocols using graphpad v 7

1

Modulation of Insect Immunity by Temperature and Parasitic Infection

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The Kolmogorov-Smirnoff (K-S) test was used to determine data normality and variance heterogeneity, which indicated a normal distribution of data. Differences in nymph immunocompetent capacity between treatments were assessed by a univariate general linear model, having proPO and PO activity as dependent variables, while infection status (Morelos, Chilpancingo and control), intestine region (AMG, PMG and rectum) and incubation temperature (20 °C, 30 °C and 34 °C) were predictive variables. The significance of the whole model, of each separate predictive variable, and of the interactions between infection status with intestine region and temperature was determined. The latter interaction was studied by comparing groups with 95% confidence intervals. This analysis was performed with the software SPSS v.24.0. All data are expressed as mean enzyme activity ± standard error.
The Mantel-Cox log-rank test was used to determine the effect of infection status (Chilpancingo, Morelos or control) and temperature (20 °C, 30 °C or 34 °C) on nymph survival time. Intergroup differences were determined with the Chi-square test between infected and non-infected groups, and between infected groups. This analysis was performed with the software GraphPad v.7.0.
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2

Chlamydia Infection Assay with VAMP Knockdown

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HeLa cells were reverse transfected with siRNA to knock down either VAMP3, VAMP4, VAMP3, and VAMP4 together or nontargeting controls as described above. Knockdown cells then were infected with WT C. trachomatis serovar L2 at an MOI of 0.4 by a rocking infection. At 30 hpi, infected cells were fixed in methanol to enumerate the primary infection or lysed, titrated, and reinfected onto a fresh monolayer of HeLa cells. Secondary infections were fixed in methanol at 28 hpi. All fixed coverslips from the primary and secondary chlamydial infections were processed via indirect immunofluorescence to detect chlamydial organisms (guinea pig anti-L2 antibody). Coverslips were imaged on a Zeiss ApoTome.2 fluorescence microscope at ×40 magnification to enumerate both the primary infection and secondary infection, where a single inclusion represented a single EB. Inclusions were counted and the secondary infection/infectious progeny were normalized to the primary infection by dividing the IFU count of the secondary infection by the average IFU of the primary infection. Progeny counts were graphed and analyzed using GraphPad v.7.0. An ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons was performed to determine statistical significance, where two asterisks indicates a P value of <0.01 and four asterisks indicates a P value of <0.0001.
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3

Survival Analysis Protocol

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Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the risk ratios of survival differences between groups. P < 0.05 was considered to be significantly different between groups. SPSS v.25.0 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) and GraphPad v.7.0 (La Jolla, CA, USA) are used for statistical analysis and figures drawing respectively. Figures plotting was performed by R v.3.5.1 and Cytoscape v3.6.1 [20 (link)].
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4

Experimental Mouse Study: Therapeutic Efficacy

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All analyses and charts were performed with Epidat 4.2 (Xunta de Galicia, A Coruña, Spain) and GraphPad® v.7.0 (GraphPad Software, Boston, MA, USA) a for Windows software. The sample size for each group of mice, both experimental and control, was calculated using the software Epidat 4.2, considering an expected difference in proportions between experimental and control animals of approximately 30%, a significance level of 95% and a statistical power of 80%.
The animal study was reviewed and approved by Comisión de Investigación y Ética, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ethic approval code FM/DI/004/2023.
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5

Statistical Analysis Techniques in Research

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Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were estimated by receiver operating characteristic curves. PPVs and NPVs were estimated by Bayes' theorem. Multiple comparison tests were performed using Tukey's range test. Differences in proportions were evaluated using the z-test, while continuous variables were assessed for differences by the Mann–Whitney U test, and multiple comparisons were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's post hoc correction. Two-sided p-values of less than 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Confidence intervals (CIs) are reported as two-sided 95%. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS, v15.0, software (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL), and plotting was performed using GraphPad, v7.0 (GraphPad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA).
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6

Survival Analysis of ESCC Patients

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Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Student’s t test was used for comparison between two groups. The survival curve of ESCC patients was plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank test. All chart making and statistical analysis were performed by using Graph Pad v 7.0 software.
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7

Survival Analysis of Cancer Patients

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Overall survival (OS) was defined as the interval from the date of diagnosis until the date of death due to any cause or the last follow-up. Survival analysis was evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and a log-rank test was used to assess any significant differences in OS stratified by each covariate.
The Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the associations between clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariate analysis.
The statistical analysis mentioned above and graphics were performed with SPSS software 20.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA) and GraphPad v7.0 (GraphPad). A two-tail P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. R software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) was implicated in the PSM analysis.
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8

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Lesion Types and Healing Timelines

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Since analysed data were not normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk) and did not meet assumptions for parametric tests, non-parametric tests were applied. For comparison of two groups (e.g. BUD patients vs. contacts) Mann-Whitney U test was used. Correlations were tested using Spearman’s rho analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v23 (IBM Corp.) and were taken as significant if ≤ 0.05. Graphical illustration was done using Graphpad v7.0 (GraphPad Software, Inc.).
Lesion types were separated into groups based on their lesion form: non-ulcerative forms (nodule/oedema/plaque) and ulcerative forms. Patients were also separated into two groups based on the time to healing following the start of antibiotic treatment, using a cut-off of 111 days (based on the median healing time = 111.0 days, range 14–337 days) or alternatively based on the time healing was first recognized (cut-off based on the median of 56 days, range 14–231 days).
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9

Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data

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Normally distributed variables will be expressed as the mean±SD, and statistical analysis will be carried out using a t-test. Non-normally distributed variables will be expressed using median and quartile values, and statistical analysis will be performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables will be expressed using sample size and percentage, using the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test. To compare other subgroup values, an analysis of variance will be used.
Statistical analyses will be performed with SPSS V.22.0 and GraphPad V.7.0. All tests are two-tailed, and p values of <0.05 are considered statistically significant.
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10

Comparative Analysis of Taihe Silky Fowl and Black Feather Chickens

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SPSS v.20.0 (Chicago, IL, USA) and GraphPad v.7.0 were used for all statistical analysis and figure drawing, respectively. An independent sample T-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Dunnett’s post hoc test were used to evaluate the mean differences between Taihe silky fowl and black feather chickens. All the experiments contained at least three biological repeats and the results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was considered as * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01.
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