Murine or human sdf 1

Migration assays were carried out in transwells with an 8-μm pore polycarbonate membrane insert (Costar, Cambridge, MA). 5 × 10³ Ad-MSCs were placed in the upper insert chamber of the transwell assembly. The lower chamber contained murine or human SDF-1 (Peprotech, NJ, USA) at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml. Twenty-four hours after incubation, the upper part of the membrane was scrapped gently by a cotton swab to remove non-migrating cells and washed with PBS. The membrane was fixed with 3.7–4% formalin overnight at 4 °C and stained with hematoxylin for 4 h at RT. The number of migrating cells was determined by the scoring of four random fields per well under the Nikon Eclipse E400 microscope (× 10) (Nikon, Greater London, UK), and pictures were obtained with a Leica DFC420 camera (Leica, Buckinghamshire, UK).

Migration assays were carried out in transwells with an 8-μm pore polycarbonate membrane insert (Costar, Cambridge, MA) and 5×10³ WT-MSCs or CXCR4-IL10-MSCs were placed in the upper insert chamber of the transwell assembly. The lower chamber contained murine or human SDF-1 (Peprotech, NJ, USA) at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml. Twenty-four hours after incubation, the upper part of the membrane was scrapped gently by a cotton swab to remove non-migrating cells and washed with PBS. Membranes were then fixed with 3.7% formalin overnight at 4°C and stained with hematoxylin for 4h at RT. The number of migrating cells was determined by the scoring of four random fields/well under the Nikon Eclipse E400 microscope (10X) (Nikon, Greater London, UK), and pictures were obtained with a Leica DFC420 camera (Leica, Buckinghamshire, UK).