Total lipids were extracted from the EO according to the method of Moilanen and Nikkari16 (link). Boron trifluoride in methanol (14%) was used to transmethylate lipids. Hexane was used to extract the fatty acid methyl esters, which were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) on a Hewlett Packard Model 5890 gas chromatograph (Palo Alto, CA, USA) equipped with a flame ionization detector and a CPSIL-88 column (100 m × 0.25 mm i.d., film thickness 0.20 mm; Varian, Les Ulis, France). The carrier gas was Hydrogen. The oven temperature program was as follows; 60 °C for 5 min, enhanced to 165 °C at 15 °C/min and maintained for 1 min, and then increased to 225 °C at 2 °C/min and then maintained at 225 °C for 17 min. The injector and the detector temperature was detained at 250 °C. Fatty acid were recognized by comparison with synthetic standards. The data were expressed as mg/100 g of oil. This experiment was performed in triplicate.
Model 5890 gas chromatograph
Manufactured by Hewlett-Packard
Sourced in United States
The Model 5890 gas chromatograph is a laboratory instrument designed for the separation and analysis of complex chemical mixtures. It utilizes a heated column to vaporize and separate the components of a sample, which are then detected and measured by a sensor. The 5890 model provides precise and reproducible results for a wide range of applications in chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Cpsil 88 column, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Ezchrom elite software, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Cp sil 88 capillary column, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
37 component fame mix, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Db 5ms column, by Hewlett-Packard (1 mentions)
Toc vws, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
6 protocols using model 5890 gas chromatograph
1
Fatty Acid Profiling of Essential Oil
2
Plasma Lipid Fatty Acid Profiling
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All chemical reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Quentin, Fallavier, France), and chloroform and methanol were purchased from SDS (Peypin, France). Total lipids were extracted from total plasma, erythrocytes, and LDL- and HDL-fractions according to Moilanen and Nikkari [29 (link)]. Total phospholipids from total plasma, erythrocyte membranes, and LDL- and HDL fractions were transmethylated using boron trifluoride in methanol according to Morrison and Smith [30 (link)]. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were extracted with hexane and analyzed by gas chromatography on a Hewlett Packard Model 5890 gas chromatograph (Hewlett-Packard, Palo Alto, CA, USA) using a CPSIL-88 column (100 m × 0.25 mm i.d., film thickness 0.20 µm; Varian, Les Ulis, France) equipped with a flame ionization detector. Hydrogen was used as the carrier gas (inlet pressure 210 kPa). The oven temperature was held at 60 °C for 5 min, increased to 165 °C at 15 °C/min and held for 1 min, and then to 225 °C at 2 °C/min, and finally held at 225 °C for 17 min. The injector and the detector were maintained at 250 °C. FAMEs were identified by comparison with commercial and synthetic standards. The data were processed using EZChrom Elite software (Agilent Technologies, Massy, France) and reported as a percentage (mole %) of the total fatty acids.
3
Methylation and GC-FID Analysis of Fatty Acids in Saliva
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Prior to GC-FID, TFA were transmethylated using BF3-MeOH according to Morrison and Smith27 (link). FAME were dissolved in 100 µL of hexane and transferred to a vial with insert. GC-FID analyses were performed using a Hewlett Packard model 5890 gas chromatograph (Palo Alto, CA, USA) equipped with a split/splitless injector and an FID. The injector and the detector were maintained at 250 °C. FAME were analysed using a CPSIL-88 capillary column (100 m × 0.25 mm id film, thickness 0.20 µm; Varian, Les Ulis, France) under the following temperature program: 60 °C isothermal for 5 min, increased to 165 °C at 15 °C/min, isothermal for 1 min at this temperature, increased to 225 °C at 2 °C/min and held isothermal for 17 min at 225 °C28 (link). The inlet pressure of the carrier gas (H2) was 200 kPa (velocity: 37.5 cm/s at 60 °C). FAME were detected and identified by comparison with commercial and synthetic standards (Supelco® 37 Component FAME Mix). For quantification, the ratio of the peak area of the FAME species to the peak area of the internal standards was used. The data were processed using EZChrom Elite software (Agilent Technologies, Massy, France). The results were expressed in micrograms of FA per 1 mL of saliva (µg/mL).
4
GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil
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Three chromatographic analyses were performed, and the essential oil was analyzed on a Hewlett-Packard Gas Chromatograph Model 5890 coupled to a Hewlett-Packard Model 5971, equipped with a DB5 MS column (30 m × 0.25 mm; 0.25 μm), programming from 50°C (5 min) to 300°C at 5°C/min, with a 5-min hold. The helium was used as the carrier gas (1.0 mL/min); injection was in split mode (1:30); injector and detector temperatures were 250°C and 280°C, respectively. The mass spectrometer worked in EI mode at 70 eV, electron multiplier at 2500 V, and ion source temperature at 180°C; MS data were acquired in the scan mode in the m/z range 33–450.
The majority constituents of essential oil were identified in comparison with their specters of mass with those of the NIST mass spectral library.
The majority constituents of essential oil were identified in comparison with their specters of mass with those of the NIST mass spectral library.
5
Fatty Acid Profiling by GC
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Analysis of fatty acids (as methyl esters) was conducted according to method [17 (link)] by gas chromatography. Total lipid samples were methylated to fatty acid methyl esters by adding two mills of borontrifloride in methanol. The tubes were boiled for 2-3 min in a water bath and then cooled in ice and 2 mL of distilled water was added. A suitable volume of hexane was added; the hexane layer which contained methyl ester was separated by using separating funnel and then evaporated. The residue was suspended in known volume of chloroform for injection in Hewlett Packard gas chromatograph model 5890 located at Microbiology Laboratory of Water and Land Reclamation Unit, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Fatty acids methyl esters were identified by comparing their retention time with those of authentic methyl esters standards (Sigma Co., USA). The relative amount of each fatty acid of methyl esters was calculated from the integrated area of each peak and expressed as a percentage of the total area of all peaks.
6
Wastewater Characterization through Analytical Methods
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Samples were analysed according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater [26 ]. The analytical parameters studied have been: total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), total suspended solid (TSS) and volatile suspended solids (VSS) using thermogravimetric methods. Furthermore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) (by dichromate potassium digestion and titration), soluble total organic carbon (TOCs with a TOC-VWS Shimadzu analyser equipped with non-dispersive infrared –NDIR- sensors); Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN, by digestion, distillation and titration), proteins (based on the content of organic nitrogen), phosphorus (by digestion and spectrophotometry), pH and fat (extraction at 60 °C) were calculated.
The concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) (acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric and isovaleric), at the beginning and at the end of the tests, were determined by gas chromatography using a Hewlett Packard gas chromatograph (model 5890) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID). The biogas samples were analysed in a gas chromatograph (Varian 3380), equipped with a detector thermal conductivity detector (TCD) and two columns: Porapack S and a molecular sieve, for the quantitative determination of the biogas composition. The method was developed with an external standard. The carrier gas was helium.
The concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) (acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, valeric and isovaleric), at the beginning and at the end of the tests, were determined by gas chromatography using a Hewlett Packard gas chromatograph (model 5890) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID). The biogas samples were analysed in a gas chromatograph (Varian 3380), equipped with a detector thermal conductivity detector (TCD) and two columns: Porapack S and a molecular sieve, for the quantitative determination of the biogas composition. The method was developed with an external standard. The carrier gas was helium.
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