Example 39
Radioactivity was quantified using a Capintec Radioisotope Calibrator (CRC-712M) ion chamber. Radiochemical incorporation yields were determined by radioTLC. EMD TLC Silica gel 60 plates (10×2 cm) were spotted with an aliquot (1-5 μL) of crude reaction mixture approximately 1.5 cm from the bottom of the plate (baseline). Unless otherwise noted, TLC plates were developed in a chamber containing ethyl acetate until within 2 cm of the top of the plate (front). Analysis was performed using a Bioscan AR-2000 radio-TLC imaging scanner and WinScan software. Radiochemical identity and purity were determined by radioHPLC with a Waters 1515 Isocratic HPLC Pump equipped with a Waters 2487 Dual λ Absorbance Detector, a Bioscan Flow-Count equipped with a NaI crystal, and Breeze software or a Shimadzu LC-10AD binary variable pump equipped with an SPD-10AD single wavelength UV detector, a Carroll-Ramsey 105S-1 single-channel high sensitivity radiation detector, and Clarity software.
To account for immobilized radioactivity (which would not be accounted for by radioTLC), reaction vessels were decanted after quenching and residual and solution radioactivity were separately quantified. In all cases, ≥95% of radioactivity remained in solution.